CPCE Exam!!

When beginning a counseling relationship, you are ethically required to

Inform the patient of the limits of confidentiality

As you begin a counseling relationship, it is important to

jointly decide, between patient and counselor, how the counseling process will proceed

A client arrives for counseling with the presenting complaint of relationship difficulties. She goes on to describe that she has had multiple abortions, and seems to use abortion as a birth control method. You are personally opposed to abortion. How should your personal beliefs impact the therapeutic relationship?

Your personal belief system should not have any bearing on the therapeutic relationship

You have been involved in a counseling relationship with a client for six months, when he presents you with a small gift. What should you do?

Accept or decline depending on the circumstances

You are court-ordered to disclose confidential information about a client you are counseling. What do you do?

Limit, as much as possible, any possibly damaging personal information and obtain written permission from your client to share confidential information

What should you do if your client requests to see his confidential file?

Accept or decline depending upon circumstances

You are a counselor with several clients, and at the same time you are adjusting to a difficult divorce. You aren't sleeping or eating well, find you are highly distractible, and generally are less in-touch with your emotional state. You should...

Be alert to your mental status, and be able to determine if continuing with your clients poses any threat of being detrimental to the counseling process

A former client of yours has been arrested for a crime. As his former counselor, you are called to perform a forensic evaluation. What is your responsibility in this case?

It is not considered ethical to perform a forensic evaluation on a current or past client, so you should decline

You are the supervisor for a new counselor, and are asked to attend her wedding. Would it be ethical to do so?

Yes, you should be able to attend her wedding without a breach of ethics

While involved with a research study, you learn that several of your students are using confidential material in an unethical manner. You had no prior knowledge of this, and all of your safeguards for professional practice were appropriate. Are you, as the principal researcher, responsible for the student's behavior

Yes, you are ultimately responsible

When publishing research, it is important to

Give credit to other contributors or sources, not plagiarize, and submit material to only one journal at a time

When a conflict arises between the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics and a governing authority, which takes precedence?

Ultimately the law may be adhered to over the Code of Ethics

An ethics violation should NOT be reported when

A counselor has been retained to review another counselor who is in question; and when confidentiality rights would be violated

What does multicultural/diversity counseling refer to?

Counseling that recognizes diversity and approaches beneficial to specific groups and an approach that all counselors should ethically be aware of

Most ethical issues are related to

Confidentiality

Only one psychoanalyst's developmental theory covers the entire lifespan. Who is he?

Erik Erikson

The Id, Ego, Superego are attributed to which psychoanalyst?

Sigmund Freud

What is the fourth stage of Jean Piaget's four stages

Formal Operations

Identity Crisis

Erik Erikson

Positive Psychology

processes that contribute to optimal functioning/ not focusing on abnormalities

Smoking habit to Sigmund Freud

Oral Fixation

Most mental health professionals believe

no one theory of development completely explains the process

John Bowlby

Attachment Theory

Lawrence Kohlberg's three levels of morality

Pre-conventional, Conventional, and post-conventional

Female version of Freud's Oedipus complex

Electra Complex

Researcher known for Rhesus Monkeys

Harry Harlow

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Theory of human motivation - psychological, safety, love, affection, belongingness

Down Syndrome

Chromosomal abnormality

John Watson

Little Albert experiment

Albert Bandura's best-known research

Bobo Doll study

What did Lev Vygotsky stress in his development theory?

Cultural Context and language

Freudian Defense Mechanism

Repression

Imprinting

Konrad Lorenz

Incorporating several therapeutic theories in your work

eclectic

Complaining of feeling restless, mood swings, times of hopelessness, periods of high energy and creativity in which she can go days without sleep

Bipolar

Client presents with his wife both complaining the patient has had a change in cognitive function including language and memory. Client denies loss of pleasure in normal activities and denies feeling sad, but client is able to manage his medications but requires someone to set up his medication box and set a timer for him.

Neurocognitive Disorder

Disorder of thought; disorder of mood

Schizophrenia; bipolar disorder

Mirroring back client's verbalizations, and not passing judgment. Facilitating in assisting his client in reaching resolution of the presenting problems.

Rogerian, client-centered therapy

Binge eating coupled with inappropriate methods of controlling one's weight may be a symptom of

Bulimia

Concerns of his health; reports chronic intestinal difficulties, but has not sought medical treatment for his concerns. For the last five years he rarely feels at ease while at his job. Feels uneasy when outside the home

Agoraphobia

loss of appetite; nervousness, and recurrent nightmares of a past hospital experience from years prior, where she says she almost died

PTSD

Actively defiant of instructions, argues regularly, spiteful, and resentful. School performance is marginal.

Oppositional defiant disorder

40-year old client not feeling comfortable socially after gaining weight. Unwilling to try new activities and avoiding activities he once found enjoyable

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Client believes his favorite actress is in love with him. He is appropriate in every other way and substance use is not the factor

Delusional Disorder

Cyclothymia

Mild form of bipolar disorder. Cause is unknown

Client needs help with substance use, uses recreationally on the weekends. Two DUIs within 3 years

Stimulant Use Disorder

Complaints about significant Chronic back pain and shoulder pain (basis of a disability claim), when seen he looks fully physical capable of bending and picking up things

Malingering - to receive an external reward

Symptoms of Schizophrenia categorized in three groups

Positive, Negative, and Disorganized

Couple comes in. Wife displays feelings of distrust and no tolerance for relationships and also experiences excessive over-valuation "he's the best thing that every happened to me"

Borderline Personality Disorder

A patient diagnosed with depression/suicide ideation suddenly appears to feel better and think more clearly

Suicide has increased!

20 year-old male college student. Last 6-7 months grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior and speech, hallucinations, poor responses

Schizophrenia...Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual

When a client's physical symptoms have a psychological cause it is referred to as

Conversion Disorder

Appraisal

Any means by which by which a counselor assesses a client. ie: mental health exam, IQ test

Type of test - NCE

Objective

Test created by David Wechsler

IQ

When administering tests to a client, the counselor should always

Inform the client of limitations of testing

Validity (In testing)

How accurate the test is

Reliability (in testing)

How consistent the results are

The only test you are using with your client has a reliability of .60, you should...

disregard the results of the test as the reliability is too low

Francis Galton

Inherited intellectual abilities; father of behavioral genetics; personality traits are passed down

J.P. Guilford

individual differences and intellect; creativity

Developed the first intelligence test

Alfred Binet and Theophilus Simon

Rorschach

Inkblot test

Most researched test in history

MMPI; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Psychometrics

Psychological measurement; measures the inner workings of the mind and behavior

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Personality test

You say a word to your client and he answers back with the first thing that comes to mind. What theorist developed the method you're using

Carl Jung

A career test that tests one's ABILITY

An aptitude test

When did group counseling begin to be done more regularly

After the 1960s

Which early theorist engaged in group therapy

Alfred Adler

Group therapy session that will be open only to patients suffering from depression, and will not allow new patients to join once the sessions have started. What type of group therapy are you offering?

Homogenous closed groups (members share similarity; does not add new members once the session has begun)

Closed group

Stronger cohesiveness within the group and less cost-effective

A common weakness in group therapy

Not setting firm goals for the group

Why did R.K. Conyne create the "Group Work Grid"

to expand practical understanding of group work

E-therapy

Online Psychological Treatment

You're concerned about how your group therapy sessions are progressing?

Have an outsider observer assess the group

When counseling young children in a group setting, it is helpful to enlist the involvement

Parents

In a group therapy setting, what is a gate keeper

a role assumed by a group therapy member

Someone who always agrees with anything the other group members say is

nonassertive

There are various stages in group therapy

Forming, Storming, Norming, performing, and adjourning

In group therapy, what is a blocker

Group member who blocks new ideas

Clients who are in the midst of a personal crisis are often not good candidates for group therapy. They would need...

Medication and individual psychotherapy

Group process

analysis of the group's interactions

Group Content

the material that is being discussed within the group

Most therapists consider the best size for group therapy to be between

6 and 8 members

Branch of Psychology deals primarily with groups and social factors

Social Psychology

Who is considered the father of sociology

Emile Durkheim

You are sent a client who is culturally different from yourself. Is it ethical for you to counsel this client

Yes,Counselor can enter a therapeutic relationship with someone who is culturally different

Proxemics

The study of proximity; refers to personal and interpersonal space

An Asian client is most likely to choose a counselor who is

Asian

An area of study in social cognition

Attribution

A cultural norm

how people are supposed to act

Milgram experiment

People will usually obey authority

Social Distance Scale

Emory Bogardus

Foot in the Door Technique

Compliance - Freedman and Frasier. If you ask someone for something small, they will eventually comply with getting something big

Self fulfilling prophecy

the false becomes true. Robert Merton. Stating something false will eventually come to pass

Theory that helps explain prejudice

Social Identity Theory - Henry Tajfel. When associated with a group, people will begin to think they are better than another group

Altruism may be explained by

Social Exchange Theory

Jack and Samantha are alike in every way an it isn't long before they marry. What might explain their relationship?

Consensual validity; they validate each other

Cognitive Dissonance

Making up excuses to make you feel better about yourself. Justifying your bad behavior in order to stay consistent - Leon Festinger