H8 Unit 7: Federalist Era

Nullification doctrine

belief that the states have the right to not follow a law if it goes against the benefit of the state, A.K.A. states' rights

Judiciary Act of 1789

law that created a federal court system

cabinet

group that advised the President, made up of the heads of the executive departments, first started by George Washington

Jefferson vs. Hamilton

political struggle between Jefferson's vision of the US (agrian) and Hamilton's vision (industrial)

strict construction

philosophy of narrowly interpreting the Constitution, holds that the government can only do what the Constitution specifically allows

loose construction

philosophy of constitutional interpretation, holds that within broad limits the government can do anything the Constitution does not specifically forbid

Whiskey Rebellion

protest by farmers in western Pennsylvania against new taxes on whiskey, put down by US Army led by George Washington

Jay's Treaty

agreement negotiated by John Jay in which the British agreed to give up their northwestern forts in exchange for the United States paying debts owed to the British

Pinckney's Treaty

agreement negotiated by Thomas Pinckney that recognized the southern border of the United States as the 31st Parallel and guaranteed US navigation rights on the Mississippi River

Washington's Precedents

1 - established a cabinet

2 - only serve two terms

3 - ending of Presidential oath - "So help me, God"

Proclamation of Neutrality

statement issued by Washington declaring the US neutral in the conflict between France and Britain

Genet Affair

French official who attempted to persuade the US to support France, led to Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

Washington's Farewell Address

meant to be advice to the new country

1 - respect the Constitution

2 - beware of the politics of passion (political parties)

3 - encourage religion and morality

4 - preserve independence

Bank of the United States

national bank, banking system created in 1791 to support the US economy

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

statements passed in 1798 and 1799 that denounced the Alien and Sedition Acts, sprouted the nullification doctrine

XYZ Affair

incident in which French agents demanded a bribe and loan from US diplomats in exchange for discussing an agreement that French privateers would no longer attack American ships, led to an undeclared naval war between the United States and France (Quasi War)

Alien and Sedition Acts

laws passed by a Federalist-dominated Congress making it easier to deport foreigners and illegal to print or speak words hostile to the government

Avoiding Politics of passion

Using reasoning and your brain over passion and emotion