Functional Groups

How many bonds in alkane?

Has one e in the name, single bond

Alkene

• Has two e’s in the name, double bond

• Has a carbon - carbon double bond

• ONLY has carbons and hydrogens, NOTHING ELSE

Alkyne

• Has 3 vowels (a, y, e) so triple bond

• Has a carbon - carbon triple bond

• ONLY has carbon and hydrogens, NOTHING ELSE

Benzene Ring

• It just looks like a ring!

• Has 6 double bonded carbon atoms with 6 hydrogens

• ONLY has carbon and hydrogens, NOTHING ELSE

AmiNe

• Has a letter N

• Carbon attaches to a Nitrogen or H,R in an Amine

AlcOHol

Carbon attaches to an oxygen and hydrogen to make an alcohol

(with oxygen in the middle)

Alkyl HALIDE

Carbon attaches to a HALogen (F,Cl,Br,I) in an alkyl halide

Ether

Carbon is on EITHER side of an oxygen

THiol

• When people speak with a lisp TH sounds like a SH

• Carbon attaches to a sulfur - hydro in a thiol

Ketone

• Has a carbon = oxygen double bond (oxygen at the center)

• Looks like a key

aMide

• the next letter that comes after m is N

• A carbon oxygen double bond attaches to a nitrogen or (H,R)

aldeHyde

• A carbon oxygen double bond attached to at least one hydrogen

• Think of someone HIDING behind a box

Ester

• A carbon oxygen double bond attached to another oxygen

• Sounds like easter eggs and the O resembles an egg

Carboxylic Acid

• A carbon - oxygen double bond attached to an oxygen and hydrogen

• Has COH lined up

Name the functional groups in the carbonyle group

1. Ketone

2. Amide

3. Aldehyde

4. Ester

5. Carboxylic Acid

A story with the carbonyle group

I took my KEYS (Ketone) to visit Amide’s house at night (Amide) because I done hide (aldehyde) all the easter eggs (Ester) in a Cardboard box (Carboxylic acid)