political geography

state

state

A defined political entity with a permanent population, defined territory, and a government that has the capacity to enter into relations with other states.

microstate

A very small state, often with limited sovereignty, that is typically characterized by a small land area and population.

sovereingty

The authority of a state to govern itself or another state, free from external control.

nation state

A political entity characterized by a defined territory, permanent population, and a government that represents a specific nation, often seeking self-governance.

city state

colonialism

The practice of acquiring and maintaining colonies or territories, often involving the exploitation of resources and the imposition of the colonizer's culture.

self-determinism

The principle that a nation has the right to determine its own political status and pursue its own economic, social, and cultural development.

multiethnic

Referring to a society or state composed of multiple ethnic groups, each with distinct cultural identities and practices.

multi national state

A political entity characterized by the presence of multiple national groups within its territory, often leading to complex governance and cultural dynamics.

colony

A territory governed by a foreign power, often established for economic exploitation or settlement.

korea, one state or 2

The debate over Korea's status as one state or two revolves around the historical division of North and South Korea, each with distinct political systems, economies, and cultures since the end of World War II.

china and Taiwan

The relationship between China and Taiwan is marked by historical tensions, with Taiwan considering itself a sovereign state while China views it as a breakaway province. This situation complicates international relations and recognition.

Senkaku/ Diaoyo islands

A group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea, claimed by Japan, China, and Taiwan, leading to ongoing territorial disputes.

Sahrawi Republic/ Western Sahara

A partially recognized state in North Africa, claiming sovereignty over the territory of Western Sahara, which is also claimed by Morocco. The region has been the subject of a long-standing conflict and dispute.

Ancient states

first developed in southwest Asia and North Africa The world used to be organized into empires and kingdoms.

first state

fertile crescent

medieval states

when the roman empire collapsed it fragmented into estates owned by monarchs, dukes, and other nobels. these areas became the states we know today

top 2 country’s/ regions with the most ethnic diversity

North Africa then

least diverse

australia and china

United Nations original members

canada, us, mexico, Brazil, Russia, China, India, Australia, most of middle east

only country that is not a part of united nations

taiiawan

u.s.s.r 3 Baltic states

Estonia, Latvia, lithunia

u.s.s.r 3 european states

belarus, Moldova, and ukraine

u,.s.s.r 5 central states

Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, ubekistan

u.s.s.r 3 Caucasus states

Armenia, Azerdaijan, Georgia

17 non-self-governing territories

western Sahara, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, pitcairn island, puerto Rico, greenland, Hong Kong and macacos

in 1914, what countries did Europe control?

east and south Africa+south Asia+middle east+ australia+ Canada

in 1914 what countries did France control?

west Africa and southeast asia

frontier

zone where no state excersices complete political control

cultural boundaries

boundries between countries to separate diff cultures like languages and religion

geometric boundaries

based on human constructs like math/ straight lines

physical boundaries

coincide with significant features of the natural landscapes

exampes of geometric boundaries

between us and Canada

alaska and youkon territory

5 state shapes

compact, elongated, porupted, fragmented or preforated

compact state

the distance from the center all the way around is same circle ish

elongated state

long and narrow

prorupted

compact state with a large projecting extension

perforated

a state that completely surrounds another

fragmented state

several discontinuous peices of territory

landlocked

completley surrounded by several other countries blocked from the sea

democracy

citizens elect leaders

autocracy

a country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people

anocracy

country that is not fully democratic of fully autocratic but displays a mix of the two types

unitary

places most power in the hands of central government officials

federal state

allocates strong power to units of local government within the country

gerrymandering

redrawing legislative boundaires to benefit the party in power

wasted vote

opposition supporters are spread across many districts but in the minority

excess

opposition supporters are concentrated into a few districts

stacked

distant areas of like-minded voters are linked through oddly shaped boundaries