Apologia Biology Module 5 3rd Edition

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13 Terms

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Phosphorylation

The transfer of energy when a phosphate group is moved between molecules

<p>The transfer of energy when a phosphate group is moved between molecules</p>
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Pigment

An organic compound giving a specific color to plant or animal cells

<p>An organic compound giving a specific color to plant or animal cells</p>
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Chlorophyll

A group of pigment (mostly composed of chlorophyll and chlorophyll b) found in algae, green plants, and cyanobacteria. It is necessary for photosynthesis allowing for the absorption of energy from light.

<p>A group of pigment (mostly composed of chlorophyll and chlorophyll b) found in algae, green plants, and cyanobacteria. It is necessary for photosynthesis allowing for the absorption of energy from light.</p>
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Stroma

Gel-like fluid found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast

<p>Gel-like fluid found inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast</p>
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Thylakoid

Disk-shaped sac suspended in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

<p>Disk-shaped sac suspended in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis.</p>
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Grana

Stacks of thylakoids

<p>Stacks of thylakoids</p>
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Photosystem

A cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy

<p>A cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy</p>
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Electron Transport Chain

A series of electron-carrying molecules within a membrane that transfer electrons and release energy at each transfer

<p>A series of electron-carrying molecules within a membrane that transfer electrons and release energy at each transfer</p>
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Aerobic

Requiring oxygen

<p>Requiring oxygen</p>
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Anaerobic

Without oxygen

<p>Without oxygen</p>
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Glycolysis

The first stage of cellular respiration where glucose is split in half. Glyco- means having to do with sugar, and -lysis means breakdown

<p>The first stage of cellular respiration where glucose is split in half. Glyco- means having to do with sugar, and -lysis means breakdown</p>
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Krebs Cycle

The stage of cellular respiration where carbon dioxide is used to complete the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules, releasing energy

<p>The stage of cellular respiration where carbon dioxide is used to complete the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules, releasing energy</p>
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Fermentation

A cellular process producing ATP without oxygen

<p>A cellular process producing ATP without oxygen</p>