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Mesoamerica
a historical region that includes what are today the central and southern parts of Mexico and the northern parts of Central America
Maya
a group of peoples who have inhabited a region that includes parts of present-day Mexico and Central America from thousands of years ago to the present. Before the arrival of Europeans, Maya cities thrived in rainforest locations between about 200 to 900 CE.
Civilization
a society, or group of people, with similar religious beliefs, customs, language, and form of government
Architecture
the style and construction of a building
Archeologist
An expert in the study of ancient people and the objects from their time period that remain, generally including stones, bones, and pottery
City-state
a city that is an independent political state with its own ruling government
Temple
a building with a religious use or meaning
Hieroglyphs
a picture or symbol representing an idea, an object, a syllable, or a sound
Sacrafice
to give or to kill something for a religious purpose
Astronomy
The study of the stars, planets, and other features of outer space
Leap Year
a year that has 366 days, or one more than all other years, and occurs every four years
Equinox
a day in which daytime and nighttime are about the same length, which happens twice every year
Initiation Ceremony
a special event to mark a person's entry into a certain group or status
Priest
a person who has the training or authority to carry out certain religious ceremonies or rituals
Aztec
civilization that thrived in present-day central Mexico from 1325 to
1521 CE
Nomadic
moving around often in search of food; not settled in one place
Empire
a group of countries or territories under the control of one government or one ruler
Emperor
the ruler of an empire
Causeway
a raised road built over water to connect islands to a mainland
Canal
a channel dug by people, used by boats or for irrigation
Scribe
a person whose job is copying written information
Codex
an ancient book with handwritten pages or parts
Pictogram
a picture or drawing that stands for a word or phrase
Litter
a chair attached to two beams and carried on the shoulder of several people
Reign
a period of time in which a king or queen rules
Inca
a civilization that thrived from 1438 to 1532 on the western coast of South America, covering most of modern-day Peru and part of Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina
Conquistador
the Spanish word for conqueror
Geographical Diversity
the presence of many different kinds of
landforms, waterways, or other geographic features in a region
Plateau
a large area of high, flat ground
Clan
a group of families
Alpaca
a South American mammal valued for its long wooly coat
Llama
a South American mammal valued for its endurance and for its wooly
coat and meat
Census
a count of the number of people living in a certain area
Official
a person who carries out a government duty
Engenieer
a person who uses science and math to build useful objects or buildings
Mortar
a material used in building that is soft at first but that then gets hard and rocklike
Suspension Bridge
a type of bridge in which the road or pathway hangs
from ropes or cables that are attached to anchors or towers
Terrace
a flat piece of land carved out of the side of a mountain or hill
Expedition
a special journey taken by a group that has a clear purpose or
goal
Religious Ceremony
a special gathering or event that has a religious purpose or theme
Smallpox
a serious disease that spreads from person to person and causes a fever and rash
Immunity
a body's ability to remain free of illness even after being exposed
to the cause of the illness.
Epidemic
a situation in which a disease spreads to many people in an area or region
