Module03_-_deck_1_dec2024

What does FHSS stand for and what does it utilize?

FHSS stands for Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum and it utilizes a hopping pattern over a frequency range.

What is DSSS and how does it work?

DSSS stands for Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum; it spreads the RF signal across more bandwidth than necessary for the size of the data.

What modulation technique is used for 802.11b?

802.11b uses CCK (Complementary Code Keying) with QPSK modulation.

What is the data rate range for 802.11a?

802.11a supports a data rate range of 6 to 54 Mbps.

What are the main components of MCS in wireless communication?

MCS includes modulation techniques, coding rates, and the number of spatial streams.

What is the purpose of Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)?

EVM measures the performance of a radio receiver or transmitter regarding modulation accuracy.

What modulation technique is defined by 64-QAM?

64-QAM applies phase and amplitude shifts to the carrier signal to represent data bits.

What does the term 'channel bonding' refer to?

Channel bonding refers to combining multiple channels to increase throughput, such as 40 MHz for 802.11n or 80 MHz for 802.11ac.

What is the significance of the Barker Code in DSSS?

Barker Code is used to convert data bits into chips, spreading the signal across a wider frequency space.

What does OFDM stand for, and how is it structured?

OFDM stands for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, structuring the bandwidth into multiple subcarriers for data and synchronization.

Explain the concept of Spatial Streams in MIMO.

Spatial Streams are multiple data streams transmitted simultaneously in MIMO (Multiple-Input, Multiple Output) technology to increase data rates.

What is the modulation used in 802.11n?

802.11n uses HT-OFDM (High Throughput Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) with various modulation techniques.

How many MHz are used in a standard 2.4 GHz channel?

Each 2.4 GHz channel is typically 25 MHz wide.

Identify a key feature of 1024-QAM and its requirements.

1024-QAM offers higher data rates but requires strong EVM and receiver sensitivity.

What is the function of null subcarriers in OFDM?

Null subcarriers are used to protect against interference from adjacent channels.

List the data rates for ERP-OFDM in 802.11g.

ERP-OFDM in 802.11g supports data rates from 6 to 54 Mbps.

What improvements does HT-OFDM provide in 802.11n?

HT-OFDM improves data rates by utilizing additional data subcarriers.

How many data subcarriers does the 802.11ac standard typically use?

The 802.11ac standard uses up to 256 subcarriers for data transmission.

What modulation is used in 802.11ax for its highest data rate?

802.11ax uses 1024-QAM for its highest data rates.

Describe the frequency range of 6 GHz Wi-Fi channels.

6 GHz Wi-Fi channels range from U-NII-5 (5925-6425 MHz) to U-NII-8 (6875-7125 MHz).