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Context Analysis
Examines time, place, and situation of documents.
Author's Background
Influences understanding of historical events.
Source Reliability
Evaluates trustworthiness of historical sources.
Relevance to Present
Connects historical events to current issues.
Understanding History
More than names; involves societal impact.
Importance of History
Explains societal evolution and past influences.
Critical Thinking
Develops appreciation of diverse historical perspectives.
Meaning of History
Study of human past in chronological order.
Primary Sources
Firsthand accounts from event witnesses.
Examples of Primary Sources
Include photographs, letters, and oral histories.
Secondary Sources
Interpretations of primary sources by others.
Examples of Secondary Sources
Include books, articles, and research papers.
Historical Perspective
Different viewpoints shape historical narratives.
Magellan's Expedition
Started in 1519; first circumnavigation of the globe.
Conflict with Lapu-Lapu
Led to Magellan's death in Mactan.
Antonio Pigafetta
Documented Magellan's expedition and Filipino culture.
Spanish Colonial Rule
Struggled due to lack of officials outside Intramuros.
Gobernadorcillos
Filipino leaders supervised by Spanish friars.
Fray Juan de Plasencia
Wrote about Tagalog customs and society.
Social Structure of Tagalogs
Datus ruled barangays; classes included nobles and slaves.
Pre-Colonial Beliefs
Worshipped Bathala and practiced rituals.
Katipunan
Founded by Andrés Bonifacio for independence.
Kartilya ng Katipunan
Moral guide written by Emilio Jacinto.
Key Teachings of Kartilya
Promotes equality, honor, and respect for women.
Proclamation of Independence
Declared on June 12, 1898 by Aguinaldo.
Acta de la Proclamación
Documented the declaration of Philippine independence.
Philippine Flag
First displayed during independence proclamation.
Cory Aquino
President after EDSA People Power Revolution.
Significance of Aquino's Speech
Highlighted democracy and sought economic aid.
Visual Sources
Illustrations provide evidence beyond written texts.
Editorial Cartoons
Political expressions and propaganda tools.
El Candidato Longino
Satirical cartoon depicting Dominador Gomez as a traitor.
Act No. 1696
Banned public display of the Philippine flag.
Watch for the Saboteurs
Booklet showing social flaws in Philippine society.
Spanish-American War
Led to U.S. support for Filipino revolt.
Mactan
Location of Magellan's conflict and death.
1896 Philippine Revolution
Varied perspectives from Filipinos and Spaniards.
Datus
Chiefs who ruled small communities called barangays.
Aliping Namamahay
Commoners with some independence in society.
Aliping Sa Guiguilir
Slaves who served masters and could be sold.
Bathala
Creator god worshipped by pre-colonial Filipinos.
Katalonan
Shamans who performed rituals and healing.
Aguinaldo's Return
Resumed revolution after exile in Hong Kong.
Marcha Nacional Filipina
Philippine National Anthem played during independence.
People Power Revolution
Nonviolent movement that ousted Ferdinand Marcos.
