Philippine History Midterms Reviewer

Context Analysis

Examines time, place, and situation of documents.

Author's Background

Influences understanding of historical events.

Source Reliability

Evaluates trustworthiness of historical sources.

Relevance to Present

Connects historical events to current issues.

Understanding History

More than names; involves societal impact.

Importance of History

Explains societal evolution and past influences.

Critical Thinking

Develops appreciation of diverse historical perspectives.

Meaning of History

Study of human past in chronological order.

Primary Sources

Firsthand accounts from event witnesses.

Examples of Primary Sources

Include photographs, letters, and oral histories.

Secondary Sources

Interpretations of primary sources by others.

Examples of Secondary Sources

Include books, articles, and research papers.

Historical Perspective

Different viewpoints shape historical narratives.

Magellan's Expedition

Started in 1519; first circumnavigation of the globe.

Conflict with Lapu-Lapu

Led to Magellan's death in Mactan.

Antonio Pigafetta

Documented Magellan's expedition and Filipino culture.

Spanish Colonial Rule

Struggled due to lack of officials outside Intramuros.

Gobernadorcillos

Filipino leaders supervised by Spanish friars.

Fray Juan de Plasencia

Wrote about Tagalog customs and society.

Social Structure of Tagalogs

Datus ruled barangays; classes included nobles and slaves.

Pre-Colonial Beliefs

Worshipped Bathala and practiced rituals.

Katipunan

Founded by Andrés Bonifacio for independence.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

Moral guide written by Emilio Jacinto.

Key Teachings of Kartilya

Promotes equality, honor, and respect for women.

Proclamation of Independence

Declared on June 12, 1898 by Aguinaldo.

Acta de la Proclamación

Documented the declaration of Philippine independence.

Philippine Flag

First displayed during independence proclamation.

Cory Aquino

President after EDSA People Power Revolution.

Significance of Aquino's Speech

Highlighted democracy and sought economic aid.

Visual Sources

Illustrations provide evidence beyond written texts.

Editorial Cartoons

Political expressions and propaganda tools.

El Candidato Longino

Satirical cartoon depicting Dominador Gomez as a traitor.

Act No. 1696

Banned public display of the Philippine flag.

Watch for the Saboteurs

Booklet showing social flaws in Philippine society.

Spanish-American War

Led to U.S. support for Filipino revolt.

Mactan

Location of Magellan's conflict and death.

1896 Philippine Revolution

Varied perspectives from Filipinos and Spaniards.

Datus

Chiefs who ruled small communities called barangays.

Aliping Namamahay

Commoners with some independence in society.

Aliping Sa Guiguilir

Slaves who served masters and could be sold.

Bathala

Creator god worshipped by pre-colonial Filipinos.

Katalonan

Shamans who performed rituals and healing.

Aguinaldo's Return

Resumed revolution after exile in Hong Kong.

Marcha Nacional Filipina

Philippine National Anthem played during independence.

People Power Revolution

Nonviolent movement that ousted Ferdinand Marcos.