THE WAIKATO WARS

When was the Waikato War fought?

1863-64

When and where did the Waikato War start?

July 12, 1863, Mangatawhiri stream

First encounter during the war and Maori death toll

Koheroa, 15

Maori attack tactics

Guerrilla warfare, defending river access with pas

Meremere date

October 31

Confusing Crown claimed victory

Rangiriri

Non-combatants attacked by Crown forces

Rangiaowhia

Final battle, incompletely fortified pa

Orakau

Where did Maori retreat to after the war?

King Country

Date and amount of land bought from Maori

1846-53, 13.2M hectares, 1900, ~25M

Native Land Courts establishment

1865

1885: Rangitikei MP Robert Bruce quote

we could not find a more ingenious method of destroying the whole Maori race than these Courts.

Public Works Lands and Native Lands Rating Act establishment dates

1864, 1882

Rating Act % – comparison of Maori and Pakeha tax amount

300

Until when could Maori land be seized for unpaid rates?

1978

When did school become mandatory?

1894

How long did the Native Schools System last for?

1867-1969

Maori children fluency in Te Reo

1900, 95%, ~1960, 25%

Paul Moon: Events that changed the course of New Zealand History, date, event, quote

1950s, pepper-potting, viewed as a triumph in assimilation

Main positive consequence date, cause, event

1975, Treaty of Waitangi Act, Waitangi Tribunal

Amendment of Act

1985

Approx. how much compensation can be given by the Crown

Less than 5%

One of the largest settlements: name, date, value

Waikato Raupatu Claims Settlement Act, 1995, 170M, 335M

What Queen?

Queen Elizabeth II

How much land was confiscated and from who?

1.2M hectares, Tainui iwi

Settlement preamble

in order to punish them and gain control of the land placed by them under the protection of the Kingitanga.

Bill rejected this year, date

Treaty Principles Bill, April 2025

Vincent O’Malley Race Relations

A cornerstone of Pakeha national identity is the notion that our natives were treated so much better than indigenous peoples elsewhere and of course it doesn’t accord with the reality.

Urbanisation Statistic

1926, less than 1 in 10, mid-1990s, ~1 in 8

Iwi affiliation

1991, just over 27% claimed no affiliation to iwi

Pa bypassed by Crown troops

Paterangi

When was Maori recognised as an official language?

1987

Maori Land Loss (%)

1860, 80%, 1890, 40%

Alan Ward on the invasion of the Waikato

climatic event in New Zealand race relations