Restoration settlement to revolution

describe the cavalier parliament

Parliament of 1661

also sympathetic to the Royalists and recognised that the main order for the restoration was the ensure stability

Overwhelmingly Anglican

describe the convention parliament

elected in the spring of 1660

after the final dissolution of the Long Parliament, was almost unanimously Royalist in sympathy

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what was feudal tenure?

system by which land was held by tenants from lords

who were latitudinarians?

not insisting on strict conformity to a particular doctrine or standard

tolerant, specifically tolerant of variations in religious opinion or doctrine

what year was the monarchy restored after the republic failed?

1660

who was held responsible for the humiliating defeat in the second dutch war?

earl of clarendon

when was the second dutch war?

1665-67

what led to the creation of the CABAL?

the removal of clarendon as chief minister

what did the CABAL do?

fulfilled what used to be the earl of clarendons role; charles II’s advisors

when was the treaty of dover?

1670

what was agreed publicly in the treaty of dover?

charles agreed to join france in any future french war against the dutch

what was agreed secretly by charles in the treaty of dover?

charles agreed to convert to catholicism when the time was right, in return for a pension from the french

what were parliaments thoughts on the treaty of dover in 1670?

they were suspicious of the relationship between charles and louis as he was catholic and absolutist

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when did charles start the third dutch war?

1672

why was the third dutch war so unpopular w english parliament and people?

dutch ruler, william of orange, made very effective propoganda

what were the financial implications of the third dutch war?

• charles declared england bankrupt

• charles had lots of debt to nobles and lords whom he borrowed money from

which event is the term ‘stop the exchequer’ used to describe?

when charles had to declare himself bankrupt in 1672 after the third dutch war

what was the declaration of indulgence?

granted catholics and dissenters a substantial measure of religious freedom

what year did charles try to pass the declaration of indulgence?

1672

what happened after charles tried to pass the declaration of indulgence for the second time in 1672?

the anglican parliament forced him to withdraw it (after his failure in the dutch war - last straw)

why did the declaration of indulgence in 1672 cause tensions?

charles was abusing his prerogative powers (what his father did)

fear of catholic uprising/popish plot

what was the test act?

parliament passed this act to stop catholics from being able to hold positions in high office

when did parliament pass the test act?

1673

what happened as a consequence of the test act?

fall of the CABAL, james resigned

when did the two ‘exclusion parliaments’ meet?

between 1679-81

what did the exclusion parliaments discuss when they met?

each proposed a bill to exclude catholic james from the succession to the throne

what did the exclusion crisis lead to?

the formation of whigs and tories

what did the may 1679 exclusion bill to prevent james I from becoming the king votes come out as?

207 vs 128

why did james I manage to be crowned king with little opposition, despite his catholic view?

support from tories and anglicans who made up a majority of the political elite

how did james II enable a ‘personal rule’?

used the case of godden vs. hales

what was the case of godden vs hales?

hales was taken to court by his coachman, godden, for not conforming to the test acts

court had to decide whether king could dispense with the test acts on an individual basis

hales was supported 11-1

what happened that pushed the parliament to take action against james?

the birth of james’ son

when did charles II die?

february 6, 1685

what was the rye house plot?

conspiracy led by cromwellian officers (whigs) to murder charles II

what was the rye house plot in response to?

the trial of shaftsbury

what year was the rye house plot?

1683