The Self in Western and Oriental/Eastern Thought

Understanding Cultural Perspectives on the Self

• The self is perceived differently in Western and Eastern traditions.

• Filipino identity is shaped by both influences.

• The ongoing struggle between these perspectives affects society.

Western

influence emphasizes dominance and competition.

Eastern

influence prioritizes harmony and collectivism.

Western

Focuses on individual needs and personal success

Eastern

Prioritizes community and harmony

Egoism vs. Collectivism:

A fundamental contrast

Western

Measures success through material wealth

Eastern

Values long life, wisdom, and simplicity

• Minimalism vs. Consumerism.

Eastern

Wealth is determined by fate, luck, and past actions (karma)

Western

Success comes from effort, enterprise, and innovation.

Eastern

Reincarnation & cycles of life. Western: Evolution and progress.

Western

Evolution and progress

Western view

The self is created through social interactions, personal growth, and communication.

Eastern view

The self is molded by moral values, social duties, and self-discipline.

Western psychology

Focuses on the individual mind and emotions.

Eastern philosophy

Focuses on detachment from desires andself-transcendencee.

Filipino culture (Kapwa)

Emphasizes shared identity and community values.

Western individualism

Encourages people to express themselves freely, pursue personal dreams, and stand out.

Eastern collectivism

Values group success, loyalty, and respect for traditions.

The Filipino Identity Struggle

Filipinos experience both individualism and collectivism. This leads to identity conflicts— choosing between personal goals and family expectations.