Studied by 9 people
In what year was the Yalta conference?
1945
In what year was the Potsdam conference?
1945
When did WW2 end?
1945
When was the Long telegram written?
1946
Who wrote the Long Telegram
John Kennan
When was the Truman Doctrine implemented?
1947
What countries were taken over by 1947 by communism?
Romania, Bulgaria, Poland
What was cominform?
It is a communist organisation established in 1947 to coordinate communist parties in Eastern Europe
When was the Marshall Plan passed?
1948
What countries were taken over in 1948
Hungary and Czechoslovakia
How long was the Berlin Blockade?
318 days
When was NATO established?
1950
When did USSR test successfully their first atomic bomb?
1950
When was the Warsaw Pact signed?
1955
How did communism take over Eastern Europe?
ROME
What does the R stand in ROME?
Red Army
What does the O stand in ROME?
Opponents removal
What does the M stand in ROME?
Monarchy removal
What does the E stand in ROME?
Elections were not free
Differences between Yalta and Potsdam in terms of leaders?
USA before had Roosevelt and now had Truman.
UK before had Churchill and now had Addlee.
What is contaiment?
The US policy from stopping communism from spreading
3 reasons for USA implementing the policy of containment?
Iron Curtain Speech
Soviet expansion
Greek Civil War
What is the Truman Doctrine?
US support to any democratic country that was under threaten
What is the Marshall plan?
A plan to help Europe recover, allocated 17 billion dollars
After what event was the Marshall aid implemented?
After the Greek civil war
Between what period of time did Stalin set the Berlin blockade?
1948 - 1949
Why did Stalin think it was appropriate to set the Berlin Blockade?
Because France, UK and USA joined their zones and because they implemented a new currency
How many planes delivered food for the Berlin airlift?
One every 3 minutes
How many pilots died in the Berlin airlift?
65 pilots
How many tones of cargo were dropped for the Berlin airlift?
2.3 million tones
Who was the iron speech intended audience?
The American politicians and American citizens
Who delivered the Iron Curtain speech?
Winston Churchill
When was the Iron Speech delivered?
1946
When does the Korean War begin?
1959
When was MacArthur fired?
1951
Why was MacArthur fired?
For using the rollback strategy in the Korean war
When did the Korean war end?
1953
When does the Cuban missile crisis start?
1959
Why does the Cuban missile crisis start?
Because Fidel Castro took over and he was nationalist
When does the Cuban missile crisis end?
1962
When dies the Korean conflict start?
1955
When does the Korean war end?
1975
What was the Korean war referred to as?
‘The forgotten war’
How many civilians were killed during the Korean war?
2-3 million
By what parallel was Korea divided by?
38th parallel
Why is it believed that Korea was split into two?
To prevent the spread of communism into the whole country
Who controlled North Korea during the Korean war?
Kim II Sung
Who was the leader of South Korea during the Korean war?
Syngman Rhee
Why was Syngman Rhee a bad leader for South Korea?
He was unpopular, corrupt and he wasn’t elected by the people
What are the 5 reasons why the US got involved in the Korean war?
Domino theory, trade with Japan, Truman Doctrine, Distrust of the USSR, belief in victory
The 2 reasons why the UN got involved in the Korean war?
Because the US put pressure on the UN that since that since they were biggest funders towards the UN, if they didn’t help out they would cut the funds
The USSR was boycotting the UN
During the Korean war, what happened between June and September of 1950?
The North invaded the South, leaving the South with a small portion of Pusan
During the Korean war, what happened between September and October of 1950?
UN forces (under General MacArthur) push back the North Koreans close to the border with China
During the Korean war, what happened between November 1950 and January 1951?
With the help of China, the North Koreans push back, with the UN troops falling behind the 38th parallel
During the Korean war, what happened between January and July of 1951?
MacArthur gets fired after asking to declare nuclear war on the North
UN forces retake the capital of the South
During the Korean war, what happened between July of 1951 and July of 1953?
The war reaches a stalemate, and after the death of Stalin in 1953, the North is persuaded to sign an armistice
What is a positive consequence after the Korean War regarding the UN?
Since the UN stood up against North Korea, this made the UN more successful then the LoN
Why was it good that Korea was still split after the Korean War?
It was good since it stopped communism from spreading into the whole country
What are the 4 negative consequences after the Korean war?
North Korea formed a close alliance with China
The number if casualties (4 million)
The USA made anti-communist alliances in Southeast and Central Asia, making the USSR feel surrounded by enemies
The tensions between the US and the USSR increased
What are the two resources Cuba had that the US relied on?
Tobacco and sugar
Who became president of Cuba in 1933?
Barista
How did Barista take power in Cuba?
He started a military coup that was supported by the US
What are the 5 reasons why Barista was a bad leader for Cuba?
He was corrupt
He stopped elections from happening
He didn’t follow Cuba’s Constitution
He allowed the rich and the US to thrive while letting the poor suffer
He allowed US criminals to continue their illegal activities
When did the uprising against Barista start?
1956
Who launched the uprising against Barista?
Fidel Castro
When did Castro reach the capital city Havana, taking over Cuba?
1st of January 1959
What was the CIA’s plan regarding the Bay of Pigs landing?
To use Cuban exiles to invade Cuba so it looks like an counter revolution, hoping that other people will rise against Castro as well.
When did the Bay of Pigs take place?
17th of April 1961
How many Cuban exiles were sent by the US government during the Bay of Pigs incident?
1400
How long did it take for Castro’s government to defeat the Cuban exiles during the Bay if Pigs incident?
Less then 24 hours
Two reasons why the USA’s weaknesses made the Bay of Pigs invasion fail:
The US gave limited training to the Cuban exiles
Since the USA wanted to keep themselves distanced, they didn’t send military support to the Cuban exiles
Two reasons why Castro’s strengths made the Bay of Pigs invasion fail:
Castro knew the invasion was happening, so he had 20,000 soldiers ready
Cuban citizens liked Castro
6 consequences of the Bay of Pigs incident:
The tensions between the USA and the USSR increased
It damaged America’s reputation
It broke any remaining relation between the US and Cuba
The failed invasion was a success to communism
This incident made Kennedy look inexperienced and weak
It brought the USSR and Cuba closer
Who was the leader of the USSR during the Cuban missile crisis?
Nikita Khrushchev
What were the 3 options JFK had on how to react to the threat of nuclear missiles in Cuba?
Bomb missile sites in Cuba
Attack Soviet ships bringing the missiles
Plan invasion of Cuba
What were the dates of the Thirteen days (Cuban missile crisis)
16-28 October 1962
What happened on 22 of October 1962 (Cuban missile crisis)
Kennedy announces to the US public, announcing the US blockade of Cuba
What happened on 23 of October 1962 (Cuban missile crisis)
Khrushchev announced that the Soviet ships will not stop at the US blockade
What happened on 24 of October 1962 (Cuban missile crisis)
20 soviet ships turn after seeing the US blockade
What happened on 26 of October 1962 (Cuban missile crisis)
Kennedy receives a letter from Khrushchev stating that he will remove the missile sites in Cuba if Kennedy removes the US blockade and promises not to invade Cuba
What happened on 28 of October 1962 (Cuban missile crisis)
JFK’s brother meets with a Soviet ambassador and agreed to a deal to resolve the crisis
Two positive consequences of the Cuban missile crisis?
Victory for the policy of containment
Kennedy was now seen as a strong leader
Three negative consequences of the Cuban missile crisis?
USA had to remove missiles in Turkey
Some USA politicians saw Kennedy as weak for negotiating with the Soviets
Cuba remained Communist and kept their alliance with the USSR
Who owned Vietnam before WW2?
France
Who kicked out the Japanese during WW2?
Viet Minh which were led by Ho Chi Minh
After what battle were the French kicked out from Vietnam after WW2?
Dien Bien Phu
When did the Battle of Dien Bien Phu happen?
1954
What happened at the Geneva Peace Accords?
Vietnam was split into two
What parallel divided Vietnam?
17th parallel
What was the leader of South Vietnam after it was split in two?
Ngo Dihn Diem
Three reasons why Ngo Dihn Diem was a bad leader?
Unpopular
Corrupt
Catholic
4 reasons why the US got involved in Vietnam?
Domino Theory
Containment
Distrust of the USSR and China
Raw materials of Vietnam
When did Viet Minh start to attack the South?
1957
When did Ho Chi Minh declare war on the South?
1959
What is the Viet Cong?
An army for North Vietnam fighting against South Vietnam that do not wear uniforms and hide between citizens
What was the My Lai massacre?
When US soldiers killed around 300-500 Vietnamese citizens because they couldn’t figure out who was a normal person and who was part of the Viet Cong
When did the My Lai massacre happen?
1968
What was the Strategic Hamlets Programme?
Where Ngo Nihn Diem kicked out Vietnamese citizens out of their homes and give the land to the army to create safe places
When was Diem killed?
1963
What happened in August 1964? (Vietnam war)
Gulf of Tonkin incident
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