Unit 8 - Acids & Bases - Studyguide

How do you solve for pH and/or [H3O]?

pH = -log(H3O)

How do you solve for pOH/[OH]?

pOH = -log(OH)

What are the 2 values for Kw?

1.0 × 10^-14 and 14

As temperature increases, Kw _____.

Increases

What are the 6 strong acids?

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4

What are the 6 strong bases?

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, BA(OH)2

What do Strong Acids/Bases do in a solution?

Completely Ionize

What do Weak Acids/Bases do in a solution?

Partially Ionize

What does Ka measure?

The strength of a weak acid.

How do you solve for Ka?

pKa = -log(Ka)

What is Kb used for?

Measuring weak bases.

How do you solve for Kb?

pKb = -logKb

How do you solve for pKw? (Full formula)

pKA + pKb = pKw

How does Stepwise dissociation work?

In a list, removing each successive proton becomes harder.

What is a Buffer made of?

A weak acid (HA) and a conjugate base (A).

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation?

pH = pKA + log(Base/Acid)

What is the equivalence point when the titration curve shows a Strong Acid vs Strong Base?

pH = 7

What is the equivalence point when the titration curve shows a Weak Acid vs Strong Base?

pH is greater than 7

What is the equivalence point when the titration curve shows a Weak Base vs Strong Acid?

pH is less than 7

Where can you find the equivalence point of a titration curve?

A sharp, rapid change in pH.

For a monoprotic weak acid, what’s the Half-Equivalence point?

pH = pKa

What is an indicator used for?

To signal the endpoint of a titration.

What sets the pH when mixing Acids & bases?

The limiting reagent

How do you calculate the final pH after partial or complete neutralization?

Determine the moles of excess acid or base, calculate the new concentration, then solve for pH.

If a salts anion is the conjugate base of a weak acid, how can you increase the salts solubility?

Add a strong acid.