CBT Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards covering key concepts from CBT lecture notes, including therapeutic alliance, motivational attunement, avoidance goals, cultural considerations, agenda setting, CBT principles, and interventions for anxiety, depression, and PTSD.

What is therapeutic alliance in the context of therapy?

It is the client's 'buy-in' for therapy, meaning they believe therapy will work, and it can manifest as prioritizing sessions.

What is the concept of motivational attunement in CBT?

It is customizing interventions to a client’s motivational goals, such as focusing on the client's primary concern first.

What is the purpose of motivational attunement?

To enhance therapeutic alliance by providing a need-satisfying experience where the client feels validated and understood, emphasizing safety.

Define 'unconditional positive regard.'

It is an attitude of complete acceptance and love for oneself or another person.

What are avoidance goals in the context of therapy?

Psychological strategies developed by clients to prevent re-experiencing past frustrations or negative emotions, often manifesting as fears or defensive behaviors.

Why is it important to identify and address avoidance goals in CBT?

Avoidance behaviors can obstruct therapeutic progress by preventing clients from engaging fully in treatment, so addressing them fosters a more open and collaborative environment.

Differentiate between cultural competence and cultural humility.

Cultural competence is a static end-state of knowledge about different cultures, while cultural humility is a dynamic, ongoing process of self-reflection and openness to learning.

What are the key steps in addressing alliance ruptures?

Identification, open dialogue (empathic listening), and collaborative problem-solving to adjust the approach based on client feedback.

What framework is used for establishing clear treatment goals in CBT?

The SMART framework: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time-dependent.

What is the basic premise of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

CBT targets emotions by changing the thoughts and behaviors that contribute to distressing emotions, as emotions are difficult to change directly.

What is the goal of CBT skill acquisition regarding session time?

Time in session is used to help clients obtain skills to address presenting problems, not merely to discuss issues or offer advice.

What is the role of agenda setting in CBT sessions?

It provides structure and focus, ensures alignment on session goals, and promotes client engagement and responsibility.

What are the principles for negotiating the session agenda?

Collaborative process (therapist and client prioritize topics together) and therapeutic flexibility (balancing short-term needs with long-term goals and adapting to client changes).

What are the OARS techniques used in Motivational Interviewing for agenda negotiation?

Open-ended questions, Affirmations (validation), Reflective listening, and Summaries.

What are some types of between-session activities (homework) assigned in CBT?

Experience monitoring, behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, and tailored assignments.

What is the core idea of CBT regarding thinking patterns?

Dysfunctional thinking.

According to CBT, what maintains anxiety?

Negative automatic thoughts and maladaptive cognitive beliefs.

How does the cognitive model explain anxiety?

Characterized by excessive threat perception and exaggerated appraisal of danger.

What are typical CBT interventions for anxiety?

Cognitive restructuring, exposure therapy, and relaxation techniques.

What is depression linked to in the CBT framework?

Negative cognitive schemas of helplessness, worthlessness, and hopelessness.

What does the 'cognitive triad' refer to in depression?

Negative views of the self, the world, and the future.

What are typical CBT interventions for depression?

Cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, and problem-solving skills.

According to CBT, what are the etiology and cognitive schemas involved in PTSD?

Etiology involves enduring maladaptive cognitive and behavioral patterns rooted in early schemas, with dysfunctional and rigid beliefs about self, others, and the world as key cognitive schemas.

What are some key techniques used in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)?

Mindfulness, emotional regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness.

When experiencing anxious thoughts, what questions should be asked in CBT?

What is the negative thought? What distortion is it? How might it be distorted? Can it be changed? If not, what is its purpose?