Neurotransmission lecture 15

neurotransmitter are release from where to the synapse

axon terminals

neurotransmitter are released from what neuron to what neuron

Presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron

what are the steps to release neurotransmitter?

1. Action potential arrives at axon terminal.

2. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open and Ca2+ enters the axon terminal.

3. Ca2+ entry causes neurotransmitter containing synaptic vesicles to release their contents by exocytosis.

4. Neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.

what ion channels are located on the postsynaptic vesicles?

Ligand gated ion channels

what are the ways in which neurotransmitters are regulated

Reuptake

enzymatic degradation

Diffusion away

what is the synapse (Synaptic cleft)

it is a 20-30nm wide space where neurotransmitter are released into cleft.

Neurons make how many neurotransmitters

2 or more are release dependent of the frequency

where are neurotransmitters made in the neuron

the cell body or cell soma.

how are neurotransmitters transported to the axon terminal

Anterograde Transport

how are neurotransmitters transported from axon terminal to the cell body?

Retrograde Transport

Neurotransmitters are release and sent to the postsynaptic cell and received by the

Dendrites

what do the Dendrites do

they are tree like branches covered with synapses. they allow one cell to gain input from many cells.

what are dendritic spines

key for learning and memory