✨✨✨WileyPLUS Orion. Chapter 26. The Urinary System.

https://quizlet.com/386389611/wileyplus-orion-chapter-26-the-urinary-system-flash-cards/

Kidney malfunction would affect which bodily function?

excretion of urea

Identify a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells.

erythropoietin

Why is dramatic reduction in the adipose capsule surrounding a kidney dangerous?

kidney dropping could lead to ureter kinking and blockage of urine flow

Each kidney has about 1 million of which of the following?

afferent arterioles

Which of the following would necessarily characterize a solute in the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule?

A. charged

B. waste

C. lipid soluble

D. small

small

In an analogy to a recycling center, which event best illustrates tubular secretion?

workers place additional garbage left at the center and larger items onto the conveyor belt

Calculate net filtration pressure when GBHP = 55 mmHg, CHP = 15 mm Hg, and BCOP = 30 mm Hg.

10 mm Hg

Identify the correct tubuloglomerular feedback response to increased glomerular filtration rate.

afferent arterioles constrict

Assuming GFR is 180 liters per day, which substance would be completely reabsorbed (returned to blood)?

glucose

Which of the following drives obligatory water reabsorption?

reabsorption of solutes

How does alcohol affect renal function?

decreased ADH secretion, more dilute urine

In forming dilute urine, the osmolarity of the fluid in the tubular lumen ________ as it flows down the descending limb of the nephron loop and ________ as it flows up the ascending limb.

increases; decreases

Which urinalysis indicates altered body metabolism or kidney function?

glucose present

What quality of the plant polysaccharide inulin allows it to be used clinically to determine the GFR?

inulin is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted

Which of the following allows urine to be delivered to the urinary bladder when performing a hand-stand?

peristaltic waves along the ureters

Women are more likely to acquire a urinary tract infection (UTI) than men because of the anatomical differences in which structure?

urethra

The collecting ducts, calyces, renal pelvis, and ureter develop most directly from which of the following structures?

ureteric bud

Identify the method or structure that does NOT assist in waste management.

thyroid gland

Dehydration becomes more common in the elderly as

the sensation of thirst diminishes

Shock-wave lithotripsy is a procedure used in the treatment of

renal calculi

Besides the kidney, several organs, tissues, and processes contribute to the management of wastes in the body. These include all of the following EXCEPT

sebaceous glands

Which embryonic kidney is normally retained in the fetus?

metanephros

Which of the following is associated with normal aging?

decreased filtration, reabsorption and secretion

Kidney production of the enzyme renin affects the

cardiovascular system

By increasing reabsorption of water filtered from blood, kidneys function to

increase blood pressure

Which is NOT a cause of acute renal failure?

increased cardiac output

Select the correct order of structures from urine production to urine leaving the body.

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

The kidneys help regulate the pH of body fluids through selective reabsorption of which of the following?

bicarbonate ions