APUSH: 1607-1703 review

Bill of Rights Essay

1492

Colombus arrived in Hispaniola

1517

Martin Luther published 95 Theses — launches Protestant reformation

Roanoke

1587

First English settlement attempt in OBX — failed

1590 — all settlers gone — found word Croatoan

St Augustine

1565

Spanish settlement in FL

Jamestown

1607

First permanent English settlement (Virginia)

Pilgrims

1620 — Plymouth

separatist — believe church is beyond repair and want to break off

Gov William Bradford

Puritan

1628 — Boston

Chartered by king

Non-separatist — wanted to reform the church from inside

John Winthrop (Gov of Massachusetts Bay Colony)

Virginia Company

joint-stock company — more investors = less risk

Northwest Passage

Sea route from Atlantic to Pacific — sought after — get to Asia for trade

John Rolfe

Virginia

first exported tobacco

married Pocahontas

House of Burgesses

1619

First representative assembly in New World

Tobacco Economy

led settlers to spread out — native displacement — and create plantations — required servants and slaves

Powhatan

algonquin chief — father of pocahontas

led siege of Jamestown 1610

Pocohantas

Powhatan’s daughter

Married John Rolfe

Anglo-Powhatan Wars

After John Smith: Governor De La Warr (Jamestown)

Led campaign against Algonquins — Irish Tactics (guerilla war, scorched earth, etc)

Pequot Wars

Pequot vs colonists + narangansett + mohegan (over fur trade)

Pequot lost — became slaves

Slavery

3 centuries — 10+ million slaves

Middle Passage

transporting slaves from Africa —> Americas

1619

House of Burgesses

First slaves arrive in Jamestown

Chattel Property

horse or cow property — same treatment for slaves

Stono Rebellion

1739 — South Carolina

Most significant slave rebellion in British North America

Massachusetts Bay Colony

1630

Puritan

Roger Williams

Fled mass

Seperation of church and state

Founded Providence

Rhode Island

Roger Williams

Haven for religious dissenters

Anne Hutchinson

Challenged Mass Bay clergy — banished from Mass — went to RI

Salem Witch Trials

1690s

Residents accused of consorting with the devil and executed

Maryland

Catholic

Lord Baltimore

Maryland Act of Toleration

1649

Protestant and Catholic

Didn’t last

Pennsylvania

William Penn

Quaker haven — tolerance

Quakers

Protestant

Limited government + freedom of conscience

Great Awakening

1730s-40s

religious revivalism — passionate evangelicalism — very different from previous enlightenment mindset

William Berkeley

Governor of Jamestown

Governor during Bacon’s rebellion — denied protection/retaliation against natives (for indentured servants/poor)

Bacon’s Rebellion

1676

Rebellion by poor + indentured against Berkeley

Berkeley: Denied protection against natives; unfair taxes; control of land distribution

Bacon (unpermitted) attacked natives — Berkeley called for arrest

Bacon + co burned Jamestown — Berkeley fled

Bacon died (rebellion collapsed) — Berkeley returned

Mercantilism

State-driven economy

Finite wealth — gold/silver/precious metals

More exports than imports

Colony — benefits mother country

Albany Plan of Union

Plan of union written for colonies after Iroquois threatened to end alliance with Brits

Fort Necessity

Washington’s surrender sparked start of Seven Years’ War

French and Indian War

French surrendered — Treaty of Paris

Brits won possession of N America east of the Mississippi

Mayflower compact

Plymouth

Agreement to rule by simple majority