Lecture 11: Synthesis of RNA

5′- UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 UTR -3′

If the primary transcript is processed and transported to the cytosol, which of the following molecules best represents the mRNA that will be produced?

5′- UTR E1 E2 E3 E4 UTR -3′

In the structure of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons parallel what?

The various domains of the protein product

Describe alternative RNA splicing.

It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single coding gene.

What is the significance of the TATA box in the promoters of eukaryotes?

It is the recognition site for the binding of a specific transcription factor.

How does the primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the functional mRNA?

The primary transcript is larger than the mRNA

Transcription in eukaryotes requires which molecules in addition to RNA polymerase?

Transcription factors

In eukaryotes, there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for a protein?

RNA polymerase II

Which process occurs as part of transcription?

RNA is synthesized

During elongation, nucleotides are added in which direction?

5' to 3' direction

What is the central dogma of molecular genetics?

DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to proteins

Why is it important to identify the promoter region first before the transcription process can start?

It is where the RNA polymerase binds to so the reading of the bases can start

T/F: During RNA processing, introns are removed before mRNA leaves the nucleus.

True

T/F: During RNA processing, the 5' end will be capped

True

T/F: During RNA processing, Poly-A tail will be added at the 3' end

True

T/F: During RNA processing, the spliceosomes remove the exon in pre-mRNA

False; the spliceosomes remove the intron in pre-mRNA

A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5′-AGT-3′. What would be the corresponding codon for the mRNA that is transcribed?

3′-UCA-5′