Mexico Manifest Destiny

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St. Juan Diego

A Catholic saint and indigenous Mexican who experienced the Virgin of Guadalupe's apparition in 1531, leading to over 9 million conversions in Mexico.

El grito de Dolores

was a call to arms issued by Miguel Hidalgo on September 16, 1810, that marked the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence against Spanish rule.

George Caleb Bingham

American painter known for early American life and landscapes, particularly promised lands of Americas and Cumberland gap (promised land of America)

John O’sullivan

An American columnist and editor who coined the term "Manifest Destiny" in the 1840s, advocating for the annexation + expansion of the US across the continent.

Henry David Thoreau

A transcendentalist who advocated for individual intuition, simple living, and civil disobedience against unjust laws, notably opposing slavery. Wrote Civil disobedience.

Civil Disobedience

is an essay by Henry David Thoreau that argues for nonviolent resistance to unjust laws as a moral duty.

henry clay

A prominent American statesman and leader in the early 19th century, known for his roles as Speaker of the House and Secretary of State, who advocated for the American System and played a key role in various compromises regarding slavery.

James K Polk

The 11th President of the United States, serving from 1845 to 1849, who is known for his expansionist policies and the annexation of Texas, which contributed to the Mexican-American War.

santa anna

A Mexican general and politician, known for his leadership during key battles and for his role in the defense of Mexican territory. Eventually captured and Tejas become Republic of Texas but no independence for mexico.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

The 1848 treaty that ended the Mexican-American War, in which Mexico ceded a vast portion of its northern territories to the United States, including present-day California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement that emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, greatly influencing the American and French revolutions.

Mexican War for Independence

A conflict from 1810 to 1821 in which Mexico sought independence from Spanish rule, leading to the establishment of the Mexican Empire and ultimately the Republic of Mexico.

Texas ‘Revolution’

The 1836 rebellion of American settlers in Texas against Mexican rule, resulting in Texas' independence and its eventual annexation by the United States.

Continental Empire

A proposed expansion of the US territory across North America, driven by the belief in Manifest Destiny and encompassing the acquisition of regions such as Texas and California. Pacific and Rio Grande.

The Alamo

A pivotal battle during the Texas Revolution in 1836, where a small group of Texan defenders fought against the Mexican army for 13 days, ultimately becoming a symbol of resistance.

Davy Crockett

American folk/myth hero and politician who fought and died at the Alamo, known for his skills in hunting and as a frontiersman.

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

A Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary leader who is often called the father of Mexican independence, free Indians and Mestizos. He issued the Grito de Dolores in 1810, calling for the end of Spanish rule in Mexico.

Vicente Guerrero

A prominent revolutionary leader and one of the first black presidents of Mexico, he played a key role in the Mexican War of Independence and later fought against the conservative forces in the country.

Decreto de Emancipación de la Esclavitud

A decree issued in 1829 by President Vicente Guerrero, which abolished slavery in Mexico.

Texas Republic & constitution

The government established after Texas secured independence from Mexico in 1836, incorporating a framework for a constitution that emphasized individual rights and freedoms.

Mexican American War

A conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, primarily driven by U.S. territorial expansion and the annexation of Texas.

Compromise of 1850

A series of legislation aimed at resolving territorial disputes and related to slavery in the newly acquired territories from the Mexican-American War.

Our Lady of Guadalupe

is a significant religious and cultural symbol in Mexico, representing the Virgin Mary, who is said to have appeared to Juan Diego in 1531. She is the patroness of Mexico and has deep roots in Mexican identity.

Frederick Douglass

was an African American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. He escaped from slavery and became a prominent advocate for the rights of African Americans and women.

Daniel Boone Escorting Settler through Cumberland Gap

Painting by George Caleb Bingham that depicts Daniel Boone guiding a group of settlers through the Cumberland Gap, symbolizing westward expansion and Manifest Destiny.

Ulysses Grant

was the 18th President of the United States, a commanding general during the Civil War, and key figure in the Reconstruction era, advocating for civil rights.

Oregon Treaty

an agreement between the United States and Great Britain that established the boundary between U.S. and British territories in the Pacific Northwest to make Canada, signed in 1846.