U1 radiation protection

1,2,3

BERT emphasizes that radiation is an ? part of our enviroment

innate

radiation exposure should always be kept at the ? possible level for the general public

lowest

? is the amount of ionization produced in air when ionizing radiation is present

exposure

when ionizing radiation is used to obtain a mammogram for the welfare of a patient, the directly realized ? of the exposure to this radiation energy ? any slight ? of inducing a radiogenic malignancy or any genetic defect

benefits, far outweigh, chance

in medicine, when radiation safety principles are correctly applied during imaging procedures, the ? deposited in living tissue by the radiation can limited, thereby reducing the potential for adverse ?

energy, biologic effects

diagnostic efficacy is ? when essential images are produced with the least radiation exposure to the patient

maximized

the rational for ? comes from evidence compiled by scientists over the past century

alara

diagnostic efficacy provides the basis for determining whether an imaging procedure or practice is ?

justified

to use ? as a basic principle for radiation, radiographer can reduce the duration of unnecessary exposure

Alara

there is no existing data regarding any ? effects from the x-rays used in examinations

unsafe

for many regulatory agencies the ? principle provides a method for comparing the amount of radiation used in various health care facilities in a particular area for specific imaging procedures

Alara

the ? concept should serve as a guide for the selection of technical exposure factors

Alara

? does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison

BERT

the goal of reducing retake rates is to obtain optimal radiographic images with the ? exposure

first

radiologic technologists and radiologists use ? devices whenever possible

protective

management in a health care facility should perform a periodic exposure ? to determine how radiation exposure in the workplace may be lowered

audit

children are significantly ? sensitive to ionizing radiation than are adults

more

the milisievert (mSv) is a ? of the Sievert (sV)

subunit

X-rays are a form of ? radiation; therefore their use of medicine for the detection of disease and injury requires ? measures

ionizing, protective

ionizing radiation, such as x-rays, has both a ? and a ? potential

beneficial, destructive

radiographers should select the ? radiation exposure that produces useful radiographic images

smallest

creation of ? atoms is a consequence of ionization in healthy tissue

unstable

radiation workers are required to perform their ? practices in a manner consistent with the ALARA principle

occupation

a full range of frequencies and wavelengths of electromagnetic waves is known as the

electromagnetic spectrum

low frequency/low energy electromagnetic waves will have ? wavelengths compared to high frequency/high energy electromagnetic waves

longer

what types of radiation has high enough energy that it can dislodge electrons causing biologic damage

xray and gamma rays

what type of radiation is considered safe radiation

radiowaves and microwaves

what type of radiation is termed pure energy and is used for diagnostic medical imaging

electromagnetic radiation

what type of radiation causes more biological damage than electromagnetic radiation

particulate radiation

which particles would be considered harmless as an external source

alpha particles

which particles can be absorbed by a piece of paper

alpha particles

which particles can be absorbed by 1 cm of thick wood

beta particles

what does PET stand for

positron emission tomography imaging

what type of dose only takes into account the type of ionizing radiation that was absorbed

equivalent dose

what type of dose takes into account both the type of radiation and the part of the body irradiated

effective dose

what is the SI unit of EqD and EfD

Sv

1 Sv= ? rem

100

changes in blood count can occur at levels as low as ? Sv if delivered to the whole body

0.25

what type of radiation comes from radioactive materials in the crust of the earth

terrestrial radiation

what type of radiation comes from the sun

cosmic radiation

what is considered to be the 2nd leading cause of lung cancer

radon

radon levels above ? pCi/L are considered to be unsafe

4

list 2 consumer products that contains man-made radiation

TV, watches

how many hours of flying results in the same exposure as one chest radiograph

10

what is considered to be the worst U.S. nuclear disaster

3 mile island

what is considered to be the worst power plant accident on record

chernobyl

medical radiation accounts for ?% of the yearly exposure in the US population

15