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What caused the decline of the Aztecs?
A Spanish conquistador conquered the region resulting in warfare and widespread disease.
Where were the Incas located?
Andes Mountains modern-day southern Colombia to southern Chile
The earliest cultural hearths were almost completely determined by what?
their geographical locations
Chinampa
A floating garden on which the Aztec grew crops
What did the Sumerians use their writing system for?
to record information about goods they traded
Almost all cultural hearths were located near what?
river valleys/water sources
What provided Egypt with protection from outside invaders for thousands of years?
Desert climate
What 2 things did all cultural hearths have in common?
cultural diffusion and innovation
The Mayans, Aztec, and Inca were all
polytheistic
This was one of the largest cities in the Mayan civilization - had the most diverse population.
Chichen Itza
Epic of Gilgamesh
An epic poem from Mesopotamia, and among the earliest known works of literary writing - chronicled Sumerian myths and legends
cultural diffusion
The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another
Why did the Aztecs have to build chinampas?
Because they settled on Lake Texcoco
The Columbian Exchange wiped out over ____ percent of the Native American population
ninety
The Triangular Trade route connected what 3 places?
Europe, Africa, & the Americas
Who arrived in the New World & began centuries of colonization and conquest between the eastern and western hemispheres?
Christopher Columbus
Culture
Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.
What caused the decline of the Mayans?
unknown
Fertile Crescent
A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates
Columbian Exchange
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
Cultural Hearth
Locations on Earth's surface where specific cultures first arose.
Effects of the Columbian Exchange
disease in the New World, new animal introduced, slave trade, new crops introduced
Ziggurat
spiritual temples built by Sumerians
Cuneiform
A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets.
civilization
A society with cities, a central government, job specialization, and social classes
Empire
land with different territories and peoples under a single rule
Mesopotamia
"land between the rivers"
Neolithic Revolution
The switch from nomadic lifestyles to a settled agricultural lifestyle
culture
Beliefs, customs, arts, and traditions of a specific group of people.
Mesopotamia
"land between the rivers" - home of many early civilizations. Located in present day Iraq
primary source
an account of an event created by someone who took part in or witnessed the event
city-state
A sovereign state which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life
afterlife
life after death
government
the governing body of a nation, state, or community.
social class
a division of a society based on social and economic status
cultural diffusion
The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another
hierarchy
a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
polytheistic
Belief in many gods
civilization
the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced
secondary source
Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event
proselytize
to convert someone to a faith, belief, or cause
public works
projects built (& funded) by the government for public use
cultural hearth
Locations on Earth's surface where specific cultures first arose.
agrarian
related to farming/cultivation of land
monotheistic
Belief in one god
economy
the wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services
nomadic
wandering, moving about from place to place
What early civilization was located at the area in blue?
Aztecs
What early civilization was located at the area marked in green?
Inca
What early civilization was located at the area in red?
Mayans
movement
How and why are places connected with one another? - What theme of geography is this referring to?
region
How is one area similar to another? - What theme of geography is this referring to?
human/environment interaction
What is the relationship between humans & their environment? - What theme of geography is this referring to?
place
What's it like there? - What theme of geography is this referring to?
location
Where is it located? - What theme of geography is this referring to?
primary source
interview with person you are writing about
primary source
music from the time period
primary source
artifacts from that time
secondary source
song about the topic
primary source
diaries or journals
secondary source
biographies
secondary source
encyclopedia
secondary source
textbooks
Neolithic Revolution
a set of dramatic changes in how people lived based on agriculture and domestication of animals
Which description of GOVERNMENT is correct?
Meeting the needs of the people through leadership
Which description of PUBLIC WORKS is correct?
Projects that benefit the people
Which description of RELIGION is correct?
Set of beliefs regarding a higher power
Which description of JOB SPECIALIZATION is correct?
Becoming really good at one specific task
Which description of SOCIAL CLASSES is correct?
Organization of people into a hierarchy
Which description of WRITING is correct?
The only way we know civilizations existed
Which description of ART AND ARCHITECTURE is correct?
Expression of values through design
What is another name for the Neolithic Revolution?
Agricultural Revolution
Farming allowed people to do which of the following?
Store surplus food
What development during the Neolithic Age allowed people to develop new types of jobs?
Having a stable food supply
What is specialization of labor?
When people are able to do different jobs, because there is enough food
Which of the following is NOT an early cultural hearth that we studied?
West African
What is the acronym that we came up with for the 7 traits of civilizations?
CPR SWAG
Location of the Inca
Andes Mountains
Location of Ancient Egypt
Along the Nile River (Egypt/Sudan)
Location of the Aztec
Lake Texcoco - Central Mexico
Location of the Mayans
Yucatan Peninsula
Location of Ancient Sumer
Mesopotamia - present day Iraq
Almost all early civilizations developed near _____ .
water
What does Mesopotamia mean?
Between two Rivers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a civilization
culture
Sumerian society was orgainized in _____ which consisted of a city and the surrounding lands.
city-states
an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower with outside staircases and a shrine at the top
ziggurat
Who was at the top of the social heirarchy for the Sumerians?
Kings
Tigres and Euphrates Rivers
Two rivers that surrounded Mesopotamia
ziggurat
a tall pyramid-shaped building where Sumerians performed religious ceremonies
What is the name of the holy book for Christianity?
Bible
Mummification
process to preserve a human body by embalming it and wrapping it up in cloth. Taught Egyptians about medicine, how to deal with bones and treat wounds.
What is the goal of a Buddhist ?
enlightenment/release from suffering
Which is the name of the Muslim house of worship?
Mosque
How many times a day is a Muslim to pray?
5
Who is the founder of Judaism?
Abraham
Which religion has the most followers world wide ?
Christianity
Which of the following does not worship a specific god?
Buddhism
The Arabic word for God is
Allah
Which religion uses the 10 Commandments as a law code?
Christianity and Judaism
Note
Flashcard