Clinical Medicine Derm

Patient presents with a flat lesion that is less than 1cm in size what is the most likely diagnosis

Macule

Patient presents with a flat lesion that is greater than 1cm in size what is the most likely diagnosis

Patch

Patient presents with an elevated (or depressed) lesion that is less than 1cm in size what is the most likely diagnosis

papule

Patient presents with an elevated (or depressed) lesion that is greater than 1cm in size what is the most likely diagnosis

plaque

Patient presents with a palpable lesion greater than 1cm that is a domed, spherical, or ovoid shape

Nodule

Patient presents with a lesion that is elevated (or depressed), less than 1cm in size, and is fluid-filled

Vesicle

Patient presents with a lesion that is elevated (or depressed), greater than 1cm in size, and is fluid-filled

Bulla

Patient presents with an elevated, edematous, erythematous and pale lesion that has well-demarcated borders and has moved in location since it initially began

Wheal

What are other names for a wheal

hives/urticaria

Patient presents with a lesion that is less than 1cm, raised, and contains visible puss

Pustule

Patient present with a palpable, rough, gritty, or soft change in the epidermis

Scale

This forms as a result of dried fluid on the skins surface

Crust

What type of previous lesion does the presence of crust allude to

Vesicle, bulla, or pustule

What type pf crust is dry, dark red, purple, or brown and signals necrosis

Eschar

_____ is a soft yellow crust

Fibrin

What is the thickening and accentuation of skin lines as a result of repeated rubbing or scratching

Lichenification

A patient presents with a shiny epidermis with wrinking and a depressed dermis, these are signs of what

Atrophy

Pt presents with the linear loss of continuity on the skins surface if their palms and soles

Fissue

Fissues are the result of excessive _____ or decreased ______

tension, elasticity

Patient presents with a linear superficial skin erosion

Excoritation

Fibrous tissues that replaces normal dermal or subcutaneous tissue after skin injury

Scar

A patient presents with an enlarged, raised scar this is most likely what

Keloid

superficial, focal loss of part of the epidermis

erosion

focal loss of the epidermis extending into the dermis

Ulcer

Patient presents with small, nonpalpable, pinpoint lesions that are less than 1cm in size and are nonblanchable. What is the most likely diganosis

Petechiae

What are the causes of petichiae

capillary inflammation and RBC extravasation

Nonblanchable, red/purple lesion that can be macular or raised

Purpura

a collection of blood beneath the skin. The results of extravasation of blood from surrounding vessels

Ecchymosis

Patient presents with dilated, superficial blood vessels that blanch with pressure

Telangiectasia

patients presents with an abnormal blood vessel that contains and central feeding vessel and leads to other telangiectatic vessels. It also blanches with pressure

spider angioma

When the distribution of a lesion is limited to one particular area

Clustered

A more widespread distribution of lesion that contains multiple clusters and is more widespread

grouped

lesion is distributed in a straight line

Linear

distribution that is seen in a dermatomal pattern

Zosteriform

distribution where all lesions are connected

coalescing/confluent

distributed in a snake like patter

serpingnous

How does lipophilicity impact potency

Higher lipophilicity the higher the potency

How does occulsion affect potency

increases potency

What is an example of a low potency corticosteroid

Hydrocortizone

What is an example of a medium potency corticosteroid

Triamcinolone

What are examples of a medium potency corticosteroid

Betamethasone and clobetsol

rank the types of topical therapy in order of high to low potency

ointment, cream, lotion

_______ restore the skin by promoting keratinocyte differentiation, producing innate antimicrobials, and restoring skin barrier lipids.

Most effective when applied to wet skin

Emollients

what type of topical therapy would be used if a patient presented with skin that was weepy from infection and inflammation

Drying agent

what is the best drying agent

water

0.5% camphot and menthol OR 1% pramoxine are effective topical __________

antipruritics

Agents of choice for pruitis due to urticaria

antihistamines (H1 blockers)

what are some systemic corticosteroids used for pruitis

prednisone, triamcinolone, dexamethasone, methyprednisolone

______ can be prescribed for acne and impetigo

antibiotics

What are common topical NSAIDS

Crisaborole, Pimecrolimus, and Tacrolimus

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