Periodic Table Concepts and Trends

Vocabulary flashcards covering main groups, element classifications, and periodic trends from the lecture notes.

Atomic Number

The number located at the top of an element symbol that represents the amount of protons.

Representative Elements

Main group elements located in groups IA through VIIIA (groups 1, 2, and 13 through 18), such as Aluminum ($Al$).

Transition Elements

Elements belonging to the transition metals group located in the central block of the periodic table (groups IIIB through IIB or 3 through 12).

Inner Transition Elements

Elements consisting of the Lanthanides and Actinides located in the two rows below the main body of the periodic table.

Alkali Metals

Elements in Group IA (Column 1) of the periodic table, excluding Hydrogen which is classified as a nonmetal.

Alkaline Earth Metals

Elements occupying Group IIA (Column 2) of the periodic table.

Halogens

Group VIIA (Group 17) nonmetal elements, specifically including Fluorine ($F$), Chlorine ($Cl$), Bromine ($Br$), and Iodine ($I$).

Noble Gases

Elements located in Group VIIIA (Group 18), such as Helium ($He$) which has a really high ionization energy ($I.E.$).

Metalloids

Elements situated along the diagonal line separating metals and nonmetals, such as Silicon ($Si$).

Ionization Energy

A periodic property that increases from left to right across a period on the periodic table.

Atomic Radius

A periodic property that increases from right to left across a period and increases moving down a group, leading to elements at the bottom-left having a really big radius.