British Wars in Carnatic and Bengal

1612

Battle of Swally/Suvali; British defeated the Portuguese in Surat.

1717

Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar issued a Golden Farman (Magna Carta of Trade).

1717 - 1727

Murshid Quli Khan served as the first Nawab of Bengal.

1741

Battle of Colachel; Marthanda Varma (King of Travancore) defeated the Dutch East India Company.

1744 - 1763

3 Carnatic Wars were fought between the British and French East India Companies.

1744 - 1748

1st Carnatic War (an extension of the Austrian War of Succession).

1746

Battle of Adyar (also called the Battle of St. Thome).

1749

Battle of Ambur; won by French forces led by Joseph François Dupleix.

1749 - 1754

2nd Carnatic War.

1756

Alivardi Khan died; Siraj-ud-Daulah became Nawab of Bengal at age 23.

1756

Siraj-ud-Daulah captured Fort William, leading to the Black Hole Tragedy in Calcutta.

1756 - 1763

3rd Carnatic War (an extension of the Anglo-French War of 7 years).

1757

Treaty of Alinagar was signed between Siraj-ud-Daulah and the Britishers.

1757

Battle of Plassey; fought between Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-Daulah.

1759

Battle of Chinsurah/Bedara/Hooghly; British defeated the Dutch on the banks of the Hooghly River.

1760

Battle of Wandiwash (part of the 3rd Carnatic War).

1760

Mir Qasim came to the throne as Nawab of Bengal.

1764

Battle of Buxar; combined Indian forces fought against Britishers.

1765

Treaty of Allahabad was signed.

1772

Warren Hastings ended the Allahabad Treaty, which ran for 7 years.

Dupleix

Led the French forces in the first two Carnatic Wars.

Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

Ended the 1st Carnatic War.

Winner of the 1st Carnatic War

French East India Company.

Battle of Ambur details

French forces led by Joseph François Dupleix supported Chanda Sahib.

Treaty of Pondicherry

Ended the 2nd Carnatic War.

Cause of 3rd Carnatic War

Austrian War of Succession.

Treaty of Paris

Ended the 3rd Carnatic War.

Battle of Wandiwash details

British forces led by Sir Eyre Coote defeated French forces led by Comte de Lally. Resulted in French being limited to their enclaves (no further expansion allowed).

Golden Farman (Magna Carta of Trade)

Allowed British East India Company to trade freely in Bengal for 3,000 Rupees yearly and granted the right to issue Dastaks (trade permits).

Sequence of Nawabs of Bengal

Murshid Quli Khan, Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan, Alivardi Khan, Siraj-ud-Daulah.

Siraj-ud-Daulah

The last self-governing Nawab of Bengal; unhappy with British trade privileges.

Black Hole Tragedy

A night of captivity for British soldiers and prisoners in a small, airless room in Fort William. Instigated Robert Clive to take revenge.

Treaty of Alinagar consequence

Became the cause of the Battle of Plassey.

Mir Jafar (Battle of Plassey)

Military commander of Siraj-ud-Daulah who joined hands with the Britishers; made the new puppet Nawab of Bengal.

Consequence of Battle of Plassey

Confirmed the formal beginning of the British Empire in India.

Siraj-ud-Daulah's death

Killed by forces led by Mir Madan.

Mir Qasim

Son-in-law of Mir Jafar; shifted capital from Murshidabad to Munger and ended Dastaks issued by Farrukhsiyar.

Mughal Emperor during Battle of Plassey aftermath

Alamgir II.

1st Nawab of Awadh

Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk.

Fourth Nawab of Awadh

Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula (built Bara Imambara in Lucknow).

Combined forces at Battle of Buxar

Shuja-ud-daulah (Nawab of Awadh), Mir Qasim, and Shah Alam II (Mughal Emperor).

Hector Munro

Led the Britishers to victory in the Battle of Buxar.

Negotiators of the Treaty of Allahabad

Shuja-ud-Daula, Shah Alam II, and Robert Clive (on behalf of East India Company).

First Treaty of Allahabad (with Nawab of Awadh)

Allahabad and Kara handed over to Shah Alam II; Nawab paid Rs 50 lakh to British as war indemnity.

Second Treaty of Allahabad (with Shah Alam II)

Emperor Shah Alam II placed under British protection at Allahabad.

Diwani Rights (Treaty of Allahabad)

Revenue rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa given to East India Company in return for an annual payment of Rs 26 lakh.

Nizamat Functions (Treaty of Allahabad)

Military and judicial functions; East India Company received Rs 53 lakh for performing them.

Dual Government in Bengal

The combined control over Diwani and Nizamat functions by the East India Company.