Unit 0 Study Guide

Coach Colvard (11th Grade)

By the 1890’s, how many immigrants were Eastern and Southern Europeans?

Half

William "Boss" Tweed was a corrupt party boss in a political machine that we talked about in Unit 1. Political machines provided necessities such as jobs, and housing in exchange for what?

votes

Supporters of laissez-faire believed the government should NOT interfere in the economy only to protect property ______ and maintain ______.

private, peace

Causes that lead to the ___________ of America: new inventions, innovations, natural resources, immigrant manpower.

industrialization

What are monopolies?

Companies that employed thousands of workers and helped change America into an industrialized nation.

What was the Bessemer Process?

A method for producing steel by blasting hot air through molten iron, making steel production more efficient and affordable.

What was the Pullman Strike?

He refused to meet with his workers to hear their request for higher wages and better working conditions.

Haymarket Riot

It was a violent protest that began peacefully

Samuel Gompers

He formed the American Federation of Labor.

Who is Andrew Carnegie?

A industrialist and philanthropist who led the expansion of the U.S. steel industry in the late 19th century, becoming one of the richest men in history.

Who is John D. Rockefeller?

An American oil industry magnate and philanthropist who founded the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.

Vertical Integration

A company that controls all parts of making a product from raw materials to selling it.

Hortizontal Integration

When someone or a company buys out someone else's company 

What were Lockouts?

Employers prevent employees from entering a workplace and performing their jobs, that can cause strikes, forcing them to accept certain terms.

What are Strikebreakers?

people who still work during a strike

Ellis Island

the first stop for “most new immigrants” in the US

What are Labor Unions?

they protect the rights and interest of workers

What is a Command Economy?

when the government largely controls the production, investments, and incomes within the economy.

Market Economy

private owners control business and industry, and the laws of supply and demand control prices and wages.

Mixed Economy

founded on the constitutional right to own private property and a distrust of government control that has existed since before the American Revolution.

New industries created by successful industries in the late 1800s were?

Steel and Railroads

Thomas Edison….invented?

- A American inventor and buisness man, who played a key role in bringing about the modern age of electricity.

He invented the phonograph  

Alexander Graham Bell… Invented?

He invented the telephone

Knights of Labor

 In 1869 it was created for rights for all workers, including women and african americans