Chapter 34: Exercise and Activity

Vocabulary terms and definitions covering the importance of activity, complications of bed rest, supportive devices, range-of-motion exercises, and walking aids.

Deconditioning

The loss of muscle strength from inactivity.

Bed rest

A medical order to reduce physical activity, reduce pain, encourage rest, regain strength, and promote healing.

Bed rest with BRP

Bed rest with bathroom privileges.

Renal calculi

The medical term for kidney stones, which can be a complication of bed rest.

Thrombi

Blood clots; a potential complication resulting from bed rest.

Pneumonia

Inflammation and infection of the lung.

Orthostatic hypotension

Also known as postural hypotension; a complication of bed rest involving a drop in blood pressure when standing.

Syncope

The medical term for fainting.

Trapeze

A device used for exercises to strengthen arm muscles and to help a person move up and turn in bed.

Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises

Exercises that involve moving the joints through their complete range of motion, usually done at least two times a day.

Active ROM exercises

Range-of-motion exercises that are performed by the person.

Passive ROM exercises

Range-of-motion exercises where someone else moves the person's joints through their range of motion.

Active-assistive ROM exercises

Range-of-motion exercises where the person performs the exercises with some help.

Dangling

The first step in increasing activity after bed rest, where the person sits on the side of the bed.

Gait (transfer) belt

A device used to assist a person with walking if they are weak or unsteady.

Crutches

Walking aids used when a person cannot use one leg or when one or both legs need to gain strength.

Canes

Walking aids used for weakness on one side of the body to provide balance and support; held on the strong side of the body.

Walker

A walking aid that gives more support than a cane.

Braces

Devices that support weak body parts, prevent or correct deformities, or prevent joint movement.

Ankle-foot orthosis (AFO)

A specific type of brace that is placed in the shoe.