L2 - Material Properties

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to material properties in engineering, essential for understanding material classification and selection.

Mechanical Properties

Attributes of materials that describe their behavior under applied forces.

Thermal Properties

Characteristics that define how a material responds to changes in temperature.

Electrical Properties

Properties that determine how materials conduct electricity.

Magnetic Properties

Features of materials that influence their behavior in a magnetic field.

Optical Properties

Characteristics that describe how materials interact with light.

Chemical Properties

Attributes that describe how materials react with chemicals.

Environmental Properties

Characteristics that outline a material's interaction with environmental factors.

Atomic Bonding

Forces that hold atoms together in materials, influencing their properties.

Ionic Bonding

A type of bonding that occurs between charged particles, typically metals and non-metals.

Covalent Bonding

A bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons.

Metallic Bonding

A bond characterized by a sea of delocalized electrons around positively charged ions.

Crystalline Structure

A solid structure characterized by a regular repeating arrangement of atoms.

Amorphous Structure

A non-crystalline structure where atoms are arranged without long-range order.

Monomer

A small molecule that can bond to form a polymer.

Polymer

A large molecule composed of repeating structural units (monomers).

Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

The temperature range where a polymer transitions from a hard, brittle state to a soft, rubbery state.

Melting Temperature (Tm)

The temperature at which a polymer changes from a solid to a liquid state.

Composite Materials

Materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties.

Economic Factors

Considerations regarding the cost of raw materials and processing methods.

Environmental Factors

Considerations regarding the lifecycle and sustainability of materials.

Wear Rate Constant

A dimensionless constant that describes the wear rate of materials.

Hydroxyapatite

A hard but brittle material found in bone, primarily composed of calcium phosphate.