Naming Compounds

what system is used to name compounds

IUPAC

main components to naming

prefix-parent-suffix

prefix

shows location of functional groups and substituents

substituents

atoms attached to a parent C

parent

tells how many C atoms are in the longest C chain

suffix

tells what family the molecule is in

1

meth

2

eth

3

prop

4

but

5

pent

6

hex

7

hept

8

oct

9

non

10

dec

steps for naming alkanes

determine family, count longest C chain, identify number of substituents and what number C it’s on, write name

can you count C chain forwards and backwards

yes

how to identify what C the substituents are on

find the lowest number of C by counting forwards and backwards

how to name alkenes and alkynes

identify family, count longest C chain, find lowest number C that has the multiple bond, add substituents

what needs to be included in parent chain for alkenes and alkynes

C that has the multiple bond

what are C-C single bonds able to do

spin around the bond

cis

2 groups are on the same side of double bond

trans

2 groups are on opposite sides of double bond

conformers

the various conformations of a molecule

can double bonds rotate and what do they show

no, ends and sides

when can you have cis-trans isomerism

when an alkene has 2 different substituent groups on each of its ends

when determining cis and trans what are you looking at

the Cs that branch off of the C=C

stereoisomer

compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures

aromatic

class of compounds containing benzene rings

what is a benzene ring

6 carbon ring

resonance

average true structure of molecule

how do alkanes compare to water

they are less dense so they float

what happens at the multiple bond for alkenes and alkynes

it’s chemically reactive

alkanes with 1-4 C are

gases

alkanes with 5-15 C are

liquids

alkanes with 16 or more C are

solids