World Religions test

what were the four sights Buddha passed by

An old man, sick man, corpse, and sanyasin (wondering holy man)

Bodhi

Enlightenment

The Buddha

Ideal human being

The Dharma

sum total of Buddhist teachings. How to view the world and leave properly 

The Sangha

Community of monks/nuns

The three marks of reality

constant change, lack of permanent identity, existence of suffering

The Four Noble Truths

To live is to suffer, suffering comes from desire, to end suffering is to end desire, and release from suffering is possible by the noble eightfold path

The three noble eightfold path goals

Face life objectively, live kindly, and cultivate inner peace

The noble eightfold path

Right understanding, right intervention, right speech, right action, right work, right effort, right meditation, and right contemplation

Theravada

way of the elders, southern school, conservative, monastic focus

Mahayana

Northern school, speculative, greater focus on layperson

Vajrayana

Tibetan Buddhism, highly ritualistic

Samsara

Cycle of life, everyday world of change and pain

Nirvana

Release from samsara, state of bliss

Dukkha

Suffering

Dharma

Buddhist teaching

Sangha

Buddhist community

Divination

System of methods for knowing more about the future

Yijing

the book of changes, interprets life through an analysis of hexagrams

Daoism characteristics

Shamanism, appreciation for hermit’s life, desire for unity with nature, fascination with health, long life, breathing, meditation, trance

Tao Te Ching

Handbook for rulers, religious guide book, practical guide to live in harmony with the universe

Daodejing

Says the Dao is the origin of everything and that all individual things are “manifestations” of Dao (the path)

Zhuangzi

Continues the themes of early Daoist thoughts like need for harmony with nature, movement of the Dao in all that happens, the pleasure we can gain from simplicity

Dao

way, existence, pattern, process

Wu wei

The ideal of effortlessness

Simplicity

appreciate the simple and the apparently ordinary

Gentleness

Love for peace

Relativity

Attain a vision of things beyond the apparent opposites

Daoist virtues

Wu wei, quiet, humor, closeness to nature, simplicity

The three purities

Dao, heavenly worthy of numinous treasure (charm for protecting humans), Laozi (author of Tao Te Ching)