Phonics Test

Several children in a kindergarten class have mastered orally blending sets of spoken sounds together to make words. Which of the following additional skills demonstrated by the children would best indicate that they are ready to begin instruction in decoding simple words?

. identifying letter-sound correspondences consistently for several high-utility letters, such as a, m, t, and s, when prompted by the teacher

Which of the following statements provides the best rationale for incorporating spelling instruction into a first-grade reading program?

Spelling instruction reinforces students' knowledge of phonics patterns, which supports their development of automaticity and ability to construct meaning while reading

In the years since the report by the National Reading Panel (2000) was published, evidencebased research has conclusively documented that which of the following phonics approaches is most effective in promoting beginning readers' reading and spelling development?

focusing on grapheme-phoneme correspondences, in which students are taught explicitly to sound out each letter or letter combination in a word and blend the letter-sounds together

Which of the following sentences contains a pair of italicized words that differ from each other by one phoneme?

He took off his cap before he lay down to take a nap

A second-grade teacher divides the class into small groups and provides a copy of the following instructions to each group. Students work collaboratively to complete the activity. Afterward, each group shares their results with the whole class during a teacher-led discussion.

Look at the word fair in these two sentences:

1. It isn't fair that Juan got an extra scoop of ice cream.

2. Simon and Mei-Yin went to the fair and rode on the merry-go-round.

How are these words the same? How are they different?

Can you think of sentences that show two different ways to use each of the words below?

saw bow root run play fly spell wind

The activity and related discussion would best promote students' ability to:

use semantic and syntactic clues to identify the meaning and pronunciation of homographs.

A second-grade teacher regularly reviews spelling patterns previously taught. The teacher also provides students with multiple opportunities to read and write connected text that features words containing the spelling patterns and to engage in word sorts comparing new and previously taught spelling patterns. These types of instructional activities are likely to promote students' reading skills primarily by developing their:

accuracy and automaticity reading words that follow the target phonics patterns.

A first-grade teacher periodically administers spelling surveys to help assess students' phonics knowledge. The following tables show one student's performance on a spelling survey midway through the school year and again two months later.

Dictated Word: Set, Star, Drive, Peach, Turn, Join   

Student Spelling: Set, Ster, Driv, Pech, Tarn, Joyn 

Dictated Word: Set, Star, Drive, Peach, Turn, Join 

Student Spelling: Set, Star, Drive, Peche, Turn Joyn    

The student's performance on the second administration of the spelling survey indicates that the student has progressed with respect to which of the following phonics elements?

silent e and r-controlled vowels

A third-grade teacher is planning differentiated reading instruction for an entering-level English learner who has grade-level reading skills in a language that uses the Roman alphabet. The teacher could best accelerate the student's progress in reading English by using which of the following approaches?

supporting the student in identifying consonant sounds that both languages have in common while systematically teaching common English syllable types to introduce English vowel patterns and pronunciations

According to basic principles of evidence-based, systematic phonics instruction, which of the following common English letter combinations would be most appropriate for a first-grade teacher to introduce first?

th

Which of the following principles is best illustrated by the words watched, wanted, and warned?

The spelling of a suffix is often more reliable than its pronunciation.