Module 4, 5 and 6 (cardiovascular system)

pulmonary circuit

blood away from the heart to lungs to pick up O2 then back to heart

systemic circuit

blood away from heart to the body to drop off O2, then back to heart

heart

hollow, 4 chambers

heart location

thoracic cavity, pericardial cavity, mediastinum

pericardium

outermost layer of heart

myocardium

middle layer, cardiac muscle

endocardium

innermost layer

2 divisions of pericardium

fibrous and serous

fibrous pericardium

keeps everything intact

serous pericardium

secretes fluid

2 sublayers of pericardium

parietal and visceral

parietal layer of pericardium

outermost

tissue of pericardium

connective tissue

tissue of myocardium

muscle

tissue of endocardium

epithelial tissue

visceral layer of pericardium

“epicardium”, innermost layer

pericardial sac

fibrous pericardium, serous pericardium, parietal layer

pericardial cavity

between 2 layers of serous pericardium, filled with pericardial fluid

pericarditis

inflammation of the pericardium due to infection

symptoms of pericarditis

sharp pain, worsens with deep breath and lying on back, shortness of breath, fever, chills, sweats, difficulty swallowing

signs of pericarditis

pericardial friction rub, ST wave abnormalities

dyspnea

shortness of breath

right side of heart

receives deoxygenated blood from body and pumps it in to lungs

atrium

receives

ventricle

pumps

left side of heart

receives oxygenated blood from lungs and pumps to body

do atria or ventricles have thicker walls

ventricles

which ventricle has thicker walls

left

septum

muscular wall that separates right and left sides, keeps blood separate

right AV

tricuspid

left AV

bicuspid (mitral)

great vessels

blood vessels that transport blood directly to and from chambers

pulmonary arteries

take blood from heart to lungs

conduction system

specialized cardiac cells that do not contract, but conduct electrical signals

Sinoatrial (SA) node

controls heartbeat, “pacemaker”, exhibit automaticity