Industrial tests

Tensile testing

Test piece is placed into a tensometer machine, one clamp is fixed and the other moves on a worm drive gear mechanism. As the worm drive travels at a constant rate, the test piece is put under tension, as its stretched the load and distance travelled is plotted

Toughness testing

Test piece is held vertically in the vice of the test machine, pendulum is released from a set position and swings to strike the test piece. Energy absorbed by test piece is calculated from the height the pendulum swings to after it hits it

Hardness testing

Rockwell:

Ductility and malleability testing

Placed into a bending machine, a mandrel or plunger loads the test piece at the centre and bends it until the piece fractures