history 101 pt 2

what was the reconstruction period?

the period following the Civil War of rebuilding the United States.

what was the reconstruction period like

It was a time of great pain and endless questions.

what was lincoln’s 10% plan?

It was a Reconstruction strategy allowing Southern states to rejoin the Union once 10% of voters pledged loyalty and accepted emancipation.

what was the purpose of lincoln’s 10% plan?

To reinstate Southern states quickly, end the Civil War sooner, and promote peaceful reintegration while ensuring slavery was abolished.

why was lincoln’s 10% plan criticized?

Radical Republicans thought it was too lenient, fearing it didn’t protect freed slaves; they proposed the Wade-Davis Bill, requiring a majority loyalty instead of 10%, which Lincoln vetoed.

who came up with the wade davis plan?

Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio

and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland

ironclad oath

An oath to the effect they had never in the past supported the

Confederacy.

what percent of people had do take what oath according to the wade davis bill?

Required 50% of the number

of 1860 voters to take an

“iron clad” oath of allegiance

(swearing they had never

voluntarily aided the

rebellion )

what is a pocket veto

a legislative maneuver that allows a president or other official with veto power to

exercise that power over a bill by taking no action (instead of affirmatively vetoing

it)

did the wade davis bill ever get put into effect? why or why not

no, it was pocket vetoed by lincoln

when was jeff davis imprisoned?

Davis was imprisoned at Fort Monroe

in Virginia from May 22, 1865, to May

13, 1867, before being released on bail

paid partly by abolitionist Horace

Greeley

what is the 13th ammendment?

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude,

except as punishment for crime whereof the

party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist

within the United States or any place subject

to their jurisdiction.

what was the freedman’s bureau

a U.S. federal government agency

established in 1865 to aid freedmen (freed

slaves) in the South during the

Reconstruction era of the United States,

which attempted to change society in the

former Confederate States.

what were carpetbaggers?

After the Civil War, some people from Northern states moved to Southern states. They included former soldiers, teachers, business people, and politicians. Some wanted to help rebuild the South and support the rights of newly freed African Americans, while others were mainly looking to make money or gain political power.

who assasinated lincoln and what was the date, what was he doing

Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, was

assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on Good Friday, April 14,

1865, while attending the play Our American Cousin at Ford's

Theatre in Washington, D.C.,

who was john wilkes booth

was an American actor and assassin,

who murdered President Abraham

Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in

Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865

Who did John Wilkes Booth conspire with to kidnap Lincoln?

Other Southern fanatics who supported the Confederacy

What did Booth plan to do with Lincoln after kidnapping him?

Hold him for political ransom.

What did Booth want in exchange for Lincoln?

The release of Confederate prisoners and a settlement with the South.

What did Booth's plan eventually change from?

Kidnapping Lincoln to assassinating him.

Why did Booth's plan change from kidnapping to assassination

It would be difficult to smuggle Lincoln across the Potomac, and the Confederacy was close to defeat.

What two factors contributed to Booth abandoning his kidnapping plan

The difficulty of getting Lincoln across the Potomac and the Confederacy's impending defeat.

who was andrew johnson and what did he do

Johnson became president as he was vice president at the time of

the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

What did President Andrew Johnson favor during Reconstruction

The quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union.

What was a major problem with Johnson's Reconstruction plans?

They did not provide protection for formerly enslaved people.

Why did Andrew Johnson come into conflict with Congress?

Congress was Republican-dominated and disagreed with his Reconstruction policies.

What happened to Andrew Johnson as a result of his conflict with Congress?

He became the first U.S. president to be impeached by the House, but the Senate acquitted him by one vote

Who said “Damn the negroes! I am

fighting these traitorous

aristocrats, their masters”

president andrew johnson

Who were the Radical Republicans?

A faction of the Republican Party that supported stronger Reconstruction policies.

What did Radical Republicans believe about African Americans?

They believed African Americans deserved the same political rights and opportunities as white Americans.

What did Radical Republicans believe should happen to Confederate leaders?

They believed Confederate leaders should be punished for their roles in the Civil War.

How did the radical republicians feel about president andrew johnson

The RRs will be constantly

combatting Johnson

throughout his presidency

what was president johnson’s plan

Offered amnesty upon simple oath to all except

Confederate civil and military officers and those with

property over $20,000 (they could apply directly to

Johnson)

What were the Black Codes?

Laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866 after the Civil War that restricted African Americans' freedom.

What was the intent and effect of the Black Codes?

They were intended to and did restrict the freedom of African Americans

Why did Southern states create the Black Codes?

To guarantee a stable labor supply after African Americans were emancipated.

What other purpose did the Black Codes serve?

To restore the pre-emancipation system of race relations.

What economic system did the Black Codes help force many African Americans into?

Sharecropping, or working as tenant farmers.

What did Congress do to Southern congressional delegates during Reconstruction

Barred them from Congress.

What was the Joint Committee on Reconstruction?

A committee created by Congress to deal with Reconstruction and determine how the Southern states should be restored to the Union.

What happened in February 1866 involving President Johnson and the Freedmen's Bureau?

Johnson vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau bill.

What happened in March 1866 involving Johnson and the Civil Rights Act?

Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

How did Congress respond to Johnson's vetoes of these two bills?

Congress overrode both of Johnson's vetoes and passed the bills anyway.

Why was Congress overriding Johnson's vetoes historically significant?

It was the first time in U.S. history that Congress overrode a president's veto on these bills.

Why did Congress break with President Johnson during Reconstruction?

Congress disagreed with Johnson's lenient approach to the South and wanted stronger protections for formerly enslaved African Americans.

what happened in the 1866 bi election

Republicans

won a 3-1

majority in

both houses

and gained

control of

every northern

state.

What were the Reconstruction Acts of 1867?

Laws that restarted Reconstruction in the South and placed Southern states under stricter federal control.

What was the Military Reconstruction Act?

An act that restarted Reconstruction in the 10 Southern states that refused to ratify the 14th Amendment.

What were the 10 Southern states called that refused to ratify the 14th Amendment?

: The "unreconstructed states."

How did the Military Reconstruction Act organize the 10 unreconstructed states?

It divided them into 5 military districts.

how far did I get

lesson 1 slide 40