History- New Imperialism

new imperialism

western powers colonizing the Eastern hemisphere like Africa, China, India and more

colony

a country taken over by another country, used by military force because they want resources, trade, and land

sphere of influence

take over of the port for trade and money, used in china

scramble for africa

european countries tried to take over many countries as they could, they battled for it

berlin conference

a conference where all european major powers met and decided to add borders to the map of africa, which is still here today

causes of new imperialism

raw materials

competition between the two Germany and Britain

influence because land=money=power

island places for a navy and military

trade and a market, and wanting people to work

christianize and civilize the people for religion

“White Man’s Burden” by Rudyard Kipling

a poem that argues that Western nations like the U.S and Britain have a moral duty to colonize, govern and civilize non-white, non-Western people and also it was a burden for the Europeans that they have to follow for money

social darwinism

a belief that the strongest are able to survive, and the europeans believed they were the strongest

Leopold II

king of Belgium

he created the free state of congo and promised to christianize them

he exploited the people by terror and killed over 10 million

chopped off people’s hands and put them off display

importance of the suez canal

in egypt, important for trade and british sent their trade through there

this was a shortcut so they did not have to go trade around the continent of africa

decolonzation of africa

post world war 2 in 1960s-1970s

a lot of colonize african people fought back and got their own country

apartheid

separation of white and black people in south africa

legalize segregation in the 1990s

nelson mandela

first black president in 1994 in south africa

he was an activist and went to jail in Robben Island for 28 years

he wanted to bring change to his country

new technologies of new imperialism

maxim gun the first machine gun

quinine a medicine to prevent malaria

telegraph for new communications

railroads

medications

colonization of India -main crop- cotton, tea

british wanted cotton from India

India grows opium that made for big amounts of money

wanted raw materials

india is colonized so the trade and laws were control by the british

mohandas gandhi

civil disobedience

goal was to get the British to leave

he was thrown off a train because he was in first class which he payed for, and this is when he realized he was done with the british

civil disobedience

doing something non violent to get a reaction

dandi salt march

walked 240 miles for 24 days to the ocean to make salt, against the law, to protest britain’s salt tax in India which was a big success

spheres of influence in china - main import - opium - led to wars

british wanted tea (only purchased by silver) from china and made the Chinese addicted to opium, which made the britsh make money

hong kong

controlled by britain

macao

controlled by portugal

meiji restoration

focuses on the military

they changed the constitution and government

they industrialized by building factories got this idea from the british

copied British’s navy and germany’s military

this changes the religion of Japan to shinto

japanese imperialism

took over korea for 35 years, manchuria apart of china, taiwan, philippines and more

this was over in world war 2 because Japan lost

impact of new imperialism

lots of death

neocolonialism

political divisions a lot in africa

traditions are gone because they were forced to take on different cultural norms

new languages

africa and other colonies lose a lot of money that goes to the europeans

neocolonialism

economic connections with mother country, and mother country has control

similarities between old and new imperialism

both had elites telling people what to do

treated people very badly and they were very forceful

not really allowed to grow as an economy

diseases

dying

racism