Tradition and Modern Farming

Agriculture n.

nông nghiệp (the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products.)

Cultivation n.

sự canh tác (the preparation of land for growing crops.)

Arable land n.

đất canh tác (đất trồng trọt) (land suitable for growing crops.)

Livestock n.

gia súc (animals kept on a farm and regarded as an asset.)

Crop yield n.

năng suất cây trồng (the amount of crop harvested per unit of land area.)

Food security n.

an ninh lương thực (the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.)

Sustainable agriculture n.

nông nghiệp bền vững (farming methods that are environmentally sound, economically viable, and socially equitable.)

Agribusiness n.

ngành kinh doanh nông nghiệp (the industry of farming regarded as a large-scale business enterprise.)

Subsistence farming n.

nông nghiệp tự cung tự cấp (farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer's family, leaving little, if any, surplus for sale or trade.)

Manual labor n.

lao động thủ công (work done by hand.)

Crop rotation n.

luân canh cây trồng (the practice of growing different crops in succession on the same land to preserve the productive capacity of the soil.)

Organic fertilizers n.

phân bón hữu cơ (fertilizers derived from animal matter, animal excreta, human excreta, and vegetable matter.)

Pest control (natural) n.

kiểm soát sâu bệnh bằng phương pháp tự nhiên (methods of controlling pests using natural predators or other ecological means.)

Biodiversity n.

đa dạng sinh học (the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.)

Ecological balance n.

cân bằng sinh thái (a state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms in which genetic, species and ecosystem diversity remain relatively stable.)

Indigenous knowledge n.

tri thức bản địa (knowledge systems developed by a community as a result of long-term interaction with the natural environment.)

Industrial agriculture n.

nông nghiệp công nghiệp (large-scale, intensive farming practices that often involve monoculture, heavy machinery, and chemical inputs.)

Mechanization n.

sự cơ giới hóa (the introduction of machines or automatic devices into a process, activity, or place.)

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) n.

sinh vật biến đổi gen (organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.)

Pesticides n.

thuốc trừ sâu (chemical substances used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or animals.)

Herbicides n.

thuốc diệt cỏ (chemical substances used for destroying weeds.)

Precision agriculture n.

nông nghiệp chính xác (a farming management concept based on observing, measuring, and responding to inter and intra-field variability in crops.)

Vertical farming n.

nông nghiệp thẳng đứng (the practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often indoors.)

Hydroponics n.

thủy canh (a method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions dissolved in water.)

Aeroponics n.

khí canh (a method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions delivered through air or mist.)

Automation n.

tự động hóa (the use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other production process.)

Biotechnology n.

công nghệ sinh học (the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.)

Food miles n.

quãng đường vận chuyển thực phẩm (the distance food travels from where it is produced to where it is consumed.)

Boost crop yields v. phr.

tăng năng suất cây trồng (to increase the amount of crop produced.)

Enhance food security v. phr.

tăng cường an ninh lương thực (to improve access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food.)

Mitigate environmental impact v. phr.

giảm thiểu tác động đến môi trường (to reduce the harmful effects on the environment.)

Embrace technological advancements v. phr.

đón nhận những tiến bộ công nghệ (to readily adopt new technologies.)

Strive for sustainability v. phr.

nỗ lực hướng tới sự bền vững (to make great efforts to achieve sustainable practices.)

Reap the benefits v. phr.

gặt hái lợi ích (to gain advantage or profit from something.)

A double-edged sword idiom.

con dao hai lưỡi (something that has both advantages and disadvantages.)

In the long run adv. phr.

về lâu dài (over a long period of time.)

At the expense of prep. phr.

đánh đổi bằng / gây tổn hại đến (in a way that harms or damages someone or something.)

Strike a balance v. phr.

đạt được sự cân bằng (to find a satisfactory compromise between two extremes.)