APUSH Unit 1 Test Review

History is mostly defined by the dramatic and unusual events because history is an endless chain of causes and effects.

What does McClay mean by the statement “History always begins in the middle of things.” ?

Even when America was not America, its’ land still acted as a refuge & place of hope.

McClay writes, “Maybe the lost civilizations of the first Americans… point to the presence of America in the world’s imagination as an idea, as a land of hope, of refuge and opportunity, of a second chance at life for those willing to take it.” Is McClay’s point fanciful or does he have a point of view worth considering?

On what basis does McClay make the argument that Europe had long imagined the West as a place of renewal, discovery, and hope?

America’s discovery and popularity was prompted by Europe’s chaos. Settlers utilized European ideas, however, they left the mold and became their own land with many cultures and traditions.

“The settlement of America has its origins in the unsettlement of Europe.” What did the historian Lewis Mumford mean by this?

The Crusades (afterward). Europe opened up to Asia

Silk Road

Mapping and traversing the world

What were some “fresh energies and disruptions” that were causal to send people out of Europe? (Positive) (Tech, religion, social, economic, politics)

McClay’s history book will help me to learn the important parts. I should know about history as an American. It will assist me to be educated and know my place in the grand scheme of American life.

McClay writes that his telling of American history is “crafted with a particular purpose in mind: to help us learn, above all else, the things we must know to become informed, self-aware, and dedicated citizens of the United States.” How do you understand McClay’s statement?

The caused epidemic of the New World because of the old world’s diseases

What was the single most important factor in the destruction of indigenous peoples after contact with Europeans?

Off the coast of England and some of France

Where did the sea battle of 1588 occur?

England ended up culturing America far more than Spain did, and the English ended up with more land anyway.

How did the defeat of the Spanish Armada by England change the course of world history?

The English had a “constitutional” monarchy, but Spain and France had an absolute monarchy. English people had fundamental rights, but Spanish and French people did not. English approached colonization to share the English way of life, but for Spain and France, it was territorial. English colonization was largely private and separate initiatives, but the Spanish in French were controlled by the government.

What were the implications of English victory in the sea battle?

The first permanent English settlement in the New World in 1607

What was Jamestown?

No, it was either you adapted or you died, and almost died

Did people survive in Jamestown?

Private property (freeholding), tobacco (cash crop), political institutions (governor, etc.)

What factors led to the survival of Jamestown?

Puritans professed the Church of England, but separatists abandoned from the church of England.

What is the difference between Puritans and separatists?

To be a city upon a hill. The idea was to work for the whole and not self to glorify, humanity’s covenant with God.

What was John Winthrop‘s vision for Puritan, Massachusetts?

Virginia was motivated by material motives. Massachusetts had religious motives. Rhode Island was in asylum for dissenters a.k.a. a safe place for opposers of the strict Puritan regime. Connecticut branched off of Plymouth and Massachusetts and it was the most rigorous Puritan settlement. Pennsylvania was the “holy experiment,” it had a Commonwealth of Quakers, and it eliminated Catholicism. Georgia was a utopian experiment, and it was motivated by brotherly love, to start new lives, however it became an ordinary royal colony.

What were the major motivations for each of the new colonies in the New World?

Each colony wanted to renew the world, restore the world, and recovery unity

How was each colony finding ways to extend hope?

They repented idealist aims by having a blend of cultures and accepting strangers into their land.

How did the colonies reflect idealist aims?

1. Hope

2. disappointment

“ Being a land of_____ also means, at times being a land of ______.

The colonists were learning how to self-rule with their knowledge of English culture and political structure because their colonial masters are too far away to govern and have complete control over the colonies.

“ Colonial life was experimental, and even when experiments fail something important is learned through them.” What were the colonist learning about themselves and their life in the New World?

The Colombian exchange was the encounter between plants, animals, and microbes, that were cultivated by the contact between the old and New World that Columbus’ voyages initiated. The destruction of native populations occurred from the new contact with new diseases for the New World. Voyagers brought new diseases, never seen of heard before to the New World.

Possible essay question: what was the Colombian exchange? How did it happen? Why did it happen? And what was its impact on the old and New World?

The mayflower compact was an effort of self-government. It was a common people creating a social contract to dictate what is right and wrong an allow structure into the new and forming society. It was written by a group of pilgrims on the Mayflower. By signing the Mayflower compact, it constituted the group of people as a body politic and committed all the signatories to obey the laws and authorities.

Possible essay question: what was the Mayflower compact? Who wrote it? What was the context? And what was it message at the time?