Nervous System Lecture Notes

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/34

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Flashcards based on lecture notes about the nervous system.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

35 Terms

1
New cards

Central Nervous System

The brain and spinal cord

2
New cards

Peripheral Nervous System

The cranial nerves and spinal nerves

3
New cards

Nerves

Fiber bundles within the PNS

4
New cards

Tracts

Fiber bundles within the CNS

5
New cards

Somatic Nervous System

Voluntary division of the PNS

6
New cards

Autonomic Nervous System

Involuntary division of the PNS

7
New cards

Neurons

Functional cells of the nervous system

8
New cards

Dendrites

Carry impulses to the cell body

9
New cards

Axons

Carry impulses away from the cell body

10
New cards

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Conduct impulses to the spinal cord and brain

11
New cards

Motor (efferent) neurons

Conduct impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

12
New cards

Interneurons

Relay information from place to place within the CNS

13
New cards

Myelin sheath

Formed by Schwann cells in the PNS

14
New cards

Myelin sheath

Formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS

15
New cards

Synapse

Junction point for transmitting nerve impulses from one neuron to another cell

16
New cards

Ascending tracts

Sensory impulses entering the spinal cord

17
New cards

Descending tracts

Motor impulses traveling from the brain

18
New cards

Autonomic Nervous System

Carries out automatic and unconscious visceral responses

19
New cards

Sympathetic Nervous System

Described as fight or flight

20
New cards

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Described as rest and digest

21
New cards

Sympathetic Nervous System

Referred to as adrenergic because it is activated by adrenaline

22
New cards

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Referred to as cholinergic because its neurons release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

23
New cards

Neurons in the sympathetic nervous system

Release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine

24
New cards

Muscarinic receptors

Affect Parasympathetic

25
New cards

Common neurotransmitters

Norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine

26
New cards

Cerebrum

The largest and most superior portion of the brain

27
New cards

Diencephalon

Lies between the cerebrum and the brainstem and houses the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

28
New cards

Brain stem

Spans the region between the diencephalon and the spinal cord

29
New cards

Pons

Connects the cerebellum with other portions of the brain and helps regulate respiration

30
New cards

Medulla Oblongata

Sits between the pons and the spinal cord and links the brain with the spinal cord; contains centers for controlling vital functions

31
New cards

Cerebellum

Coordinates voluntary muscles, maintains balance and muscle tone

32
New cards

Midbrain

Connects the cerebrum and diencephalon with the spinal cord; contains reflex centers concerned with vision and hearing

33
New cards

Meninges

Consists of 3 layers of connective tissue that surround both the brain and spinal cord to form a complete enclosure

34
New cards

Pia Mater

Attached to the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord and follows all of the contours of these structures

35
New cards

Arachnoid Mater

The middle layer of the 3 layers of connective tissue