Mau Mau Outline/Apartheid/Nelson Mandela

Years of Mau Mau

1952-60

Mau Mau revolted from during its reign

GB colonial

problems the Mau Mau had

1. expulsion of Kikuyu from farm land

2. loss of land to white settlers

3. poverty and lack of political rep for africans

how many white settlers/police died in the 8 year uprising

232

how many Mau Mau died

20,000

violence was against - what did it look like

Mau Mau vs loyalists

looked like a civil war

who were the Mau Mau

mostly Kikuyu people (largest ethnic group)

were militant/radical branch (took action)

the oath og members + beliefs

og were threatened into joining

believed it was binding - if u back out, u died

what did the GB do in de - oathinization

started de oathing ceremonies and reached out to fellow Kikuyu for support - sent troops to kenya

round ups of kikuyus

hung or sent to detention camps - pop 150,000

where was the mau mau based but what did they do

based in forested areas but did wage war in cities

Lori Massacre

largest massacre site

Mau Mau attacked loyalist home guard families

75 killed, 50 wounded

in the Lori massacre what did the GB do to retaliate

killed 400 +

What was the turning point and why

the Lori Massacre -

forced Kikuyu to pick a side

1960 GB does and implements

GB ends emergency declaration and implemented reforms

1963 —- first pres

Jomo Kenyatta first president

2013- GB govt agrees

GB govt agreed to pay Mau Mau victims (5228) 20 mil

abt 3k

Apartheid definition

Separateness in Afrikaans

main language and similar to (Apartheid)

Dutch

similar to SA

Apartheid colonization similar to who

USA

Apartheid Independence of SA from - in -

GB in 1910

Apartheid national party laws definition (laws in)

type of racist laws in marriage, registration, and segrigation

Apartheid 3 groups created

Bantu - blacks - no rights

whites - all rights but smallest

colored/mixed ancestry - no rights

Apartheid division in

race (black and white)

ex bathrooms, benches, water fountains, schools, jobs

white had the best of everything

What did the UN do in 1962 and how did other countries respond to the Apartheid

codemed it (didn’t like)

international sports banned in South Africa

countries stopped trading w them

Apartheid Un 1962 situation domestically

people rioted and protesters (forced gor to harshly put down)

end of Apartheid Botha

Peter Botha elected and repealed many of the laws

1990 gov ended censorship of media

end of Apartheid Nelson Mandela

freed from jail after serving 27 years for terrorism

Apartheid 1992 - last

last white only election (ended apartheid)

Apartheid 1994- — elected

nelson Mandela elected president (1st black president of SA)

nelson mandela prison time and why

27 years for trying to put an end to the pro apartheid gov

nelson mandela nickname from

school teacher - nickname was nelson

nelson mandela subject studied with who

law at university and met activists also against apartheid

SA colonized by who and why

British - SA had gold and farmland, but wasn’t peaceful

ANC desire within race and who joined

in 1948, ANC (African National Congress) made laws to seperate ANC wanted blacks to have same rights as whites (equal)

Mandela joined

Mandela started first and led what, what it was, and with who

SAs first black law firm with Oliver Tambo

group of young people in the ANC

What happened at sharpeville - what happened + creation of army

govt blamed ANC

people held a demonstration against Apartheid - police killed innocent people

69 unarmed civilians died

Umkhonto we sizwe (the spear of the nation)- secret army Mandela became apart of

nelson mandela prison

27 years

convicted of being a terrorist

sent to Robben island for 18 years.

nelson mandela and FW de Klerk

Sa press (Klerk) set Mandela free in 1990

Rainbow nation (who came up w and meaning)

Archbishop Desmond Tutu and mandela

means people of all races and skin colors were working together.