WW1 and WW2 Ap World

What were key causes of the Russian Revolution?

Economic instability, famine, and resistance to political reform.

Result of the Russian Revolution?

Shift from monarchy to communism.

Causes of revolution in China?

Ethnic tension, economic instability, and foreign influence.

Result of China's revolution?

End of monarchy, start of modernization and civil war.

What sparked the Mexican Revolution?

Land reform demands and U.S. economic influence.

Outcome of the Mexican Revolution?

Political reforms and greater economic control.

What does "M" in MAIN stand for?

Militarism.

What were the two major alliances before WWI?

Triple Alliance & Triple Entente.

How did imperialism contribute to WWI?

Rivalries over global colonies increased tension.

How did nationalism lead to war?

Intensified ethnic divisions and desire for power.

What were 4 new WWI weapons?

Poison gas, tanks, airplanes, machine guns.

What is Total War?

Full mobilization of a nation's resources for war.

Role of women in WWI?

Worked in factories, replaced male workers, served as nurses.

How did colonies contribute to WWI?

Provided soldiers and raw materials.

What was trench warfare?

Static, defensive warfare that led to stalemates.

What triggered the Great Depression?

Stock market crash and economic instability.

John Maynard

Economist who proposed deficit spending to revive economies.

What is Deficient spending

When governments spend more than they earn.

What was the New Deal?

U.S. policy to recover through public works.

What is fascism?

Authoritarian nationalism prioritizing state over individuals.

What is totalitarian state?

Government control all aspects of life and suppresses opposition.

How did Mussolini gain power?

Exploited fear, promised stability, used propaganda.

What is decolonization?

Colonies gaining independence.

What was the Mandate System?

Former Ottoman/German colonies managed by League of Nations powers.

What was the Balfour Declaration?

British support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

What happened to the Ottoman Empire after WW1?

It was dismantled after losing with the Central Powers.

When did India gain independence?

August 15, 1947.

What was the Indian National Congress

Group that formally opposed British rule and pushed for independence.

What was the Amritsar Massacre?

British troops killed unarmed Indian protestors.

Who led Indian nonviolent resistance?

Mohandas Gandhi.

What was the Satyagraha Movement?

Nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience.

What was the Homespun Movement?

Indians boycotted British textiles and made their own cloth.

What was the Two-State Solution?

Partition of India into Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan.

Who led the Nationalist Party?

Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek.

Who led the Communist Party?

Mao Zedong.

Who won the Chinese Civil War?

Mao Zedong and the Communists.

What was the Long March?

Communist retreat that spread Mao’s message.

How did the Treaty of Versailles lead to WWII?

Harsh terms like reparation payments and hyperinflation created resentment in Germany.

What was Mein Kampf?

Hitler’s book outlining Nazi ideology.

What is anti-Semitism?

Hatred or prejudice against Jews.

What were the Axis Powers?

Germany, Italy, Japan.

What happened during the Burning of the Reichstag?

“Coincidentally” the same night hitler was added to the german parliament the parliament building was burned down, ultimately leading to hitler becoming Chancellor

What is anti semitism?

Prejudice against Jewish people.

What is Aryan Race?

what hitler considered “the master race”

Militarization of the Rhineland Appeasement

The germans placed ,military in the area of the country next to france, breaking the treaty of Versallies

Annexation of Austria

• ANSCHLUSS

Germany annexes austria breaking the treaty of versailles

Sudetenland

was a place with a large german population and hitler wanted to write germans

What was the Munich Agreement?

Allowed Germany to take Sudetenland.

What was the Non-Aggression Pact?

Germany and USSR agreed not to attack each other.

What happened at the Rape of Nanking?

Mass killing, rape, and other atrocities by Japan in China.

What is Blitzkrieg?

Lightning-fast German warfare.

What happened at the Battle of Britain?

Germany bombed the UK but failed to conquer.

Significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?

Major Soviet victory; turning point.

What happened on D-Day?

Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.

What happened in the Pearl Harbor?

Japan fear US will join the war and decides to strike first and destroy the US Nav

Causing the US to going WW2

What was island hopping?

U.S. strategy in the Pacific to defeat Japan.

What was the goal of firebombing cities?

Destroy morale and infrastructure.

When were the atomic bombs dropped?

Hiroshima (Aug 6) and Nagasaki (Aug 9), 1945.

Result of atomic bombings?

Japan surrendered; WWII ended.

What was the Lend-Lease Act?

U.S. gave supplies to Allies before joining war.

Role of women during WWII?

Worked in factories, served in auxiliary roles.

Define genocide.

Intentional mass killing of a specific group.

What were the 8 stages of genocide?

Classification, symbolization, dehumanization, organization, polarization, identification, extermination, denial.

What was the Holocaust?

Nazi genocide of 6 million Jews.

Other groups targeted in the Holocaust?

Foreigners, disabled, LGBTQ+, protesters

What was the Armenian Genocide?

Ottoman massacre of 1.5 million Armenians.

What caused the Holodomor?

Soviet forced collectivization and famine in Ukraine.

What was the Nuremberg Trials’ purpose?

Hold Nazis accountable for war crimes.

What’s an example of resistance during the Holocaust?

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

What is dehumanization in genocide?

Portraying victims as subhuman to justify violence.

What is denial in genocide?

Perpetrators refuse to acknowledge or accept responsibility.

What’s polarization in genocide?

Driving groups further apart, silencing moderates.

What’s extermination in genocide?

Systematic killing of targeted groups.