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Quantity
A property of an object or substance that can be measured or calculated from other measurements.
Velocity
Measures how fast something is going; distance per time.
Acceleration
The rate of change of velocity; how fast speed or velocity changes.
Force
A push or pull on an object.
Pressure
Force divided by the area over which it is applied.
Mass
The amount of matter in an object.
Time
The duration during which an action or process occurs.
Length
The one-dimensional extent of an object.
Area
The two-dimensional extent of a surface; the size of a surface.
Volume
The three-dimensional extent of an object.
Fundamental Quantities
Quantities that cannot be easily defined using other quantities.
Derived Quantities
Quantities that are combinations of fundamental quantities.
Inertia
The property of an object to resist changes in its motion.
Newton's Second Law
The sum of the forces on the object equals mass of the object times acceleration.
Net Force
The overall force acting on an object, considering all acting forces.
Newton's First Law
An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Work
Force applied on an object multiplied by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force.
Energy
The capacity to do work.
Kinetic Energy
Energy related to motion.
Potential Energy
Energy related to position.
Wavelength
The distance between wave crests.
Amplitude
The maximum displacement from equilibrium in a wave.
Superposition
The principle that states waves can overlap and combine.
Constructive Interference
Occurs when crest meets crest, resulting in increased amplitude.
Destructive Interference
Happens when crest meets trough, effectively cancelling the wave.
Longitudinal Waves
Pressure waves that require a medium to propagate.
Sound Waves
Generated by longitudinal pressure waves and travel faster in liquids and solids.
Newton (N)
Unit of measurement for force.
Pascal (Pa)
Unit of measurement for pressure.
Kilograms (kg)
Unit of measurement for mass.
Seconds (s)
Unit of measurement for time.
Meters (m)
Unit of measurement for length.
Meters squared (m²)
Unit of measurement for area.
Cubic meters (m³)
Unit of measurement for volume.
Meters per second (m/s)
Unit of measurement for velocity.
Meters per second squared (m/s²)
Unit of measurement for acceleration.
Joules (J)
Unit of measurement for work.
Distance Traveled
The total path covered by an object in motion.
Time Taken
The duration necessary to complete an action or process.
Final Velocity (U_f)
The velocity of an object at the end of a time interval.
Initial Velocity (V_i)
The velocity of an object at the start of a time interval.
Rest
A state where an object is not in motion.
Constant Velocity
Movement at a fixed speed in a straight line.
Stationary
A condition where an object is not moving.
Medium
A substance through which sound waves travel.
