Customs of the Tagalogs, Raiders of the Sulu Sea, and Kartilya ng Katipunan Review

Flashcards covering key customs of the Tagalogs, the history of the Raiders of the Sulu Sea, principles of the Kartilya ng Katipunan, and critical Philippine cartoons from the American Era, based on lecture notes.

Kartilya Lesson III (On Piety)

'True piety is being charitable, loving one’s fellow creature, and aligning conduct with what is reasonable.'

Kartilya Lesson IV (On Equality)

'All men are born equal regardless of skin color; superiority in knowledge, wealth, and beauty may exist, but not superiority by nature.'

Kartilya Lesson V (On Honor)

'The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the scoundrel, gain to honor.'

Kartilya Lesson VI (On Trust)

'To the honorable man, his word is sacred (an oath).'

Kartilya Lesson VII (On Time)

'Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered but not time lost.'

Kartilya Lesson VIII (On Justice)

'Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor.'

Kartilya Lesson IX (On Confidentiality)

'The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in keeping secrets.'

Kartilya Lesson X (On Responsibility)

'Man is the guide of woman and children; if the guide leads to evil, those whom he guides will follow.'

Kartilya Lesson XI (On Respect for Women)

'Do not look upon woman as a mere plaything, but as a faithful companion who shares life's penalties. Respect her weakness and remember the mother who bore and reared you.'

Kartilya Lesson XII (On Reciprocity)

'Do not do unto thy neighbor's family what thou dost not desire done unto thy own.'

Kartilya Lesson XIII (On the True Nobleman)

'Man's worth is not based on position or physical attributes… He is worth most who is a man of proven and real value, who is honest, keeps his word, does good, does not oppress nor consent to being oppressed, and loves his fatherland.'

Kartilya Lesson XIV (On the Goal)

'When these rules are followed, the sun of Liberty shall rise over the archipelago, and the lives and sufferings of the members will be well-paid.'

Philippine Cartoons, Caricatures of the American Era

A book by Alfred W. McCoy and Alfredo Roces, which documents political cartoons from the American era in the Philippines.

"A public post is not a hereditary crown…" (Cartoon)

A political cartoon published in Manila on May 20, 1910, criticizing the practice of political patronage and the treatment of public office as personal property.

"Dirty Municipal Politics" (Cartoon)

A cartoon published in the FREE PRESS on November 23, 1940, illustrating pervasive corrupt political practices, such as bribery and 'cheap gimmickry' to win votes.

"Where the Mosquito Is King" (Cartoon)

A political cartoon published in The Philippines Free Press on April 16, 1921, critiquing the Board of Health's failure to control mosquito populations in Metro Manila, leading to disease outbreaks.

"Is the Police Force Bribed?" (Cartoon)

A political cartoon published in Manila on June 9, 1917, critiquing corruption within the colonial bureaucracy, particularly the police force, and suggesting Chinese individuals were responsible for corrupting authorities.

Aristotle

History is a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena whether or not chronological order was a factor in the account.

Herodotus

History is the idea or learning by inquiry about the past mankind became a discipline.

Nayak, Talekau, and Harichanda.

History is the study of life in society in the past in all aspects in relation to present development and future hopes.

Burckhardt

History is a record of what one age finds worthy of note in another.

J. Nehru

Man struggles through the ages against nature and the elements.

Rizal

The key to national identity and the basis for future development.

Thucydides and Herodotus

Learning by inquiry about past mankind became a discipline.

Will Durant

A narrative of what civilized men have thought or done in the past.

Henry Johnson

Everything that ever happened.

Teodoro Agoncillo

The recorded struggle of people for ever-increasing freedom.

Ken Burns.

A question of survival.

Source

An object/testimony from the past that historians use to depict history.

PRIMARY SOURCE

These sources are often referred to as “First hand” accounts or “original” records.

These are created at the time an event occurred.

SECONDARY SOURCE

Second-hand information gathered by someone not present at the event.

Historical Method/Criticism

verify sources, to date them, locate their place of origin and identify their intended functions.

External Criticism

Deals with analysis on the form of the documents.

External Criticism

● The problem of authenticity/ORIGINALITY.

● To spot fabricated, forged, faked documents

Internal Criticism

● Deals with analysis on the content of the documents.

● The Problem of Credibility