Physics - energy and electricity

Conservation of energy

Energy can’t be created or lost, one;y transferred into a different form of energy.

Electrical energy

A current in a circuit etc

Light energy

Anything that gives off light

Sound energy

Anything that makes a noise

Kinetic energy

Anything that moves

Nuclear energy

Transferred during a nuclear reaction

Thermal (heat) energy

Transferred from hot object to colder ones

Radiant heat (infrared) energy

Transferred as electromagnetic radiation by hot objects

Gravitational potential energy

Anything that isn’t on the ground

Elastic potential energy

Things that are stretched out

Chemical energy

In food, fuels, batteries etc

What do Sankey diagrams show?

The amounts of each type of energy (sometimes efficiency)

How can energy be wasted during energy transfers?

Some of the useful energy can be transferred into a useless form of energy e.g. some useful light energy emitted from a lamp can transfer into heat energy

What does it mean there is a big arrow on a Sankey diagram?

There is a big amount of energy

The more mass an object has and the faster it’s moving, the ____ kinetic energy it has

More

What is the formula for kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy = ½ x mass x velocity2

In terms of kinetic energy, the greater the mass of an object, the _____ its velocity

Faster

The flow of electrical power (charge) in the form of electrons

Electricity

The electrical current in a circuit is pushed by the cell. This is called the…

Voltage

What two things does an electrical current need to function?

Something to make the electricity flow (battery) and a complete circuit

What happens without these two things?

The electrical current won’t flow