Body Systems

Functions of Nervous System

1. To sense stimuli
2. To respond to stimuli
3. To process information

Structures of Nervous System

1. Brain
2. Spinal Cord
3. Nerves
4. Neuron (Cell)

Functions of Endocrine System

1. To synthesize hormones
2. To respond to stimuli
3. To regulate body functions and development
4. Keep homeostasis

Structures of Endocrine System

1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Pancreas
4. Adrenal Glands
5. Testes (Male)
6. Ovaries (Female)

Functions of Respiratory System

1. To inhale oxygen
2. To exhale carbon dioxide

Structures of Respiratory System

1. Nose and Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
4. Trachea
5. Bronchus Tubes
6. Alveoli
7. Diaphragm

Function of Excretory System

To remove unwanted or harmful waste from our body

Structure of Excretory System

Kidneys

Functions of Skeletal System

1. Protect internal organs
2. Support body
3. Assist motion
4. Produce blood cells
5. Store calcium

Structures of Skeletal System

1. Bones
2. Ligaments
3. Tendons
4. Cartilage

Function of Muscular System

To generate motion or movement

Structures of Muscular System

1. Smooth Muscle
2. Skeletal Muscle
3. Cardiac Muscle
4. Tendons

Functions of Integumentary System

1. Protect body from harmful germs
2. To help regulate (or control) temperature and water loss
3. Keep Homeostasis

Structures of Integumentary System

1. Skin
2. Hair
3. Sweat Glands
4. Nails

Functions of Circulatory System

1.To deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells
2. To take away waste from cells

Structures of Circulatory System

1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries
4. Heart
5. Red blood cells
6. White Blood Cells
7. Platelet cells
8. Plasma

Functions of Digestive System

1. To mechanically and chemically digest food
2. To absorb nutrients and water

Structures of Digestive System

1. Mouth
2. Esophagus
3. Stomach
4. Small Intestine
5. Large Intestine (or colon)
6. Liver
7. Gall Bladder

Function of Immune System

To defend body against harmful germs like bacteria, viruses, and fungi

Structures of Immune System

1. Lymph Nodes
2. White blood cells
3. Thymus
4. Bone Marrow
5. Skin
6. Antibodies
7. Spleen

Homeostasis

the tendency of a system to stay the same

Positive Feedback

the results of the process make it happen; ex. contractions during labor cause the release of oxytocin, which causes more contractions

Negative Feedback

the process is shut down by its products; ex. increased body temperature causes sweat which reduced body temperature

Stimulus

Something that causes a change or response

Gases move by diffusion from ________ concentration to ______ concentration

higher; lower

Hemoglobin

iron-rich protein that allows more O2 to enter red blood cells

Phagocyte

Cell in the immune system that engulfs and destroys pathogens

interaction between digestive and circulatory systems

digestive system absorbs nutrients, and the circulatory system delivers the digested nutrients to the cells

interaction between digestive and muscular systems

muscular system controls the contraction of many of the digestive organs in order to pass along food

interaction between digestive and nervous systems

nervous system maintains homeostasis by triggering appetite and digestion

interaction between circulatory and respiratory systems

circulatory system delivers oxygen from lungs (respiratory system) to cells and drops off carbon dioxide from cells to lungs (respiratory system)

interaction between circulatory and excretory systems

kidneys filter cellular waste from blood for removal

interaction between circulatory and immune systems

circulatory system transports white blood cells throughout body to fight disease

interaction between circulatory and nervous systems

brain controls heartbeat

interaction between circulatory and endocrine systems

circulatory system transports hormones

interaction between excretory and respiratory systems

wastes such as carbon dioxide and water are removed through the lungs

interaction between excretory and integumentary systems

wastes such as water and salt are removed through the skin

interaction between respiratory and nervous systems

brain controls breathing

interaction between endocrine and nervous systems

nervous system maintains homeostasis by controlling release of hormones from endocrine system; hormone control many functions

interactions between integumentary and nervous systems

controls body temperature