Unit 6 Study Guide Tidmore

Confucius

Scholar and teacher, taught about behavior and relationships, founded Confucianism

Qin Shi Huangdi

Conquers warring states in 221, names himself “first emperor”

Liu Bang

Makes himself founding father of new dynasty, the Han

Empress Lu

Main leader of Han dynasty, strong adminsitration

Han Wudi

Main emperor of Han dynasty, “the martial emperor,” ruled for 54 years

Wang Mang

temporarily replaced the Han dynasty with his own imperial house. (Tried to establish a new dynasty) BUT the peasants wouldn’t have it!

Xia Dynasty

2070-1600 BC, no written record, known by stories

Shang Dynasty

1600-1046 BC

Zhou Dynasty

maintained same culture as the shang dynasty, uilt roads/canals, fostered trade, introduced coin money, developed iron working, states rose under nobles, ended with nobles fighting eachother

Qin Dynasty

221-202 BC. writing, measures, roads, and currency standards introduced. governed by legalism

Han Dynasty

202 BCE-220 CE. abandons legalism. longest lasting dynasty in chinese history

1766 BC

Shang Dynasty is founded

221-202 BC

Qin Dynasty

202 BC-220 AD

Han Dynasty

532-537 AD

Hagia Sophia built

537-565 AD

Northern and Southern Dynasties

Geographic Features of China

Gobi Desert, Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, Wei He River, Kunlun Shand and Himalayan Mountains, etc.

River of Sorrows

Huang River, brought devastating floods to the community

Dynastic Cycle

A rulers approval came from the gods and could be lost, this was the “Mandate of Heaven”

Silk Road

Trade route created by Wudi

Connected China to western countries

Chinese would trade silk for grapes, figs, cucumbers, fur, and glass

4,000 miles long

TerraCotta Army (which emperor)

Qin Shi Huang Di

The Great Wall of China

Shi Huangdi’s greatest achievement

25 feet high, thousands of miles long

Feudal states built their own walls, now they were united together

Used to protect the civilization from nomadic bands north of the wall

Ideographs

characters which stood for ideas, used in Shang Dynasty, carved into Oracle Bones

Oracle Bones

Tortoise shells that were carved into

Mandate of Heaven

Rulers were chosen by the gods and could lose the god’s approval

Burreaucracy

officials make important decisions not representatives

Period of Warring States

fighting amongst the aristocratic rulers of each section

Describe the distinct Culture of China

Ancient China's distinctive culture was shaped by its geography, strong sense of family and hierarchy, and influential philosophies like Confucianism.

Filial Piety

“son or daughter’s duty/devotion to their parents”

Social Classes

4 social classes

Land owning aristocrats

Farmers

Artisans

Merchants

Qin Centralization

Standard:

Writing

Weights & Measures

Currency

Roads

Laws & Taxes

Legalism

clear rules and harsh punishments enforce the authority of the state

Photo of burning books and legalism*

Describe what is happening in the image, which color is who

What is the imperial goal of the Byzantine Empire

Justinian's goal as the emperor of the Byzantine Empire was to expand Byzantine territories to Europe

What is the Byzantine Empire’s motto?

One God, One Empire, One Religion

Understand the order of the dynasties…

Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han

What was one of the determining factors of why Dynasties lasted or ended?

Mandate of heaven

Confucianism Relationships/family

Sons expected to highly respect their parents. They must not cause them any worries.