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What is the most common cystic lesion of the vagina that is usually found incidentally during sonographic examination?
Gartner duct cyst
Obstruction of the uterus or the vagina may result in an accumulation of what?
Hydrometra (fluid), hematometra (blood), or pyometra (pus)
What is the most common finding in the cervix?
Nabothian cysts
Cervical polyps may present clinically with what?
irregular bleeding
Cervical polyps
This benign condition arises from the hyperplastic protrusion of the epithelium of the endocervix or ectocervix
A small percentage of what occurs in the cervix?
Leiomyomas (myoma tumors)
The most common type of cervical cancer is what?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What are common variations of uterine morphology that may be seen with sonographic imaging?
The bicornuate (“two-horned uterus”) uterus and the didelphic uterus
The most common gynecologic tumor in women over thirty years old is what?
Leiomyomas (myomas)
The most common cause of uterine calcifications is what?
Myomas
A less common cause of uterine calcifications is what?
Arcuate artery calcification in the periphery of the uterus
Adenomyosis
A benign disease, commonly diffuse, with global infiltration of the endometrium, which sonographically presents as a bulky enlarged uterus without focal mass
Uterine arteriovenous malformations
Consist of a vascular plexus of arteries and veins without an intervening capillary network
Endometrial hyperplasia
The most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women
Patients with endometrial polyps
Could be asymptomatic or they may present with uterine bleeding
Endometritis
An infection within the endometrium of the uterus
Endometritis occurs most often in association with
Pelvic inflammatory disease, in the postpartum state, or following instrumentation of the uterus
Intrauterine synechiae (endometrial adhesions, Asherman syndrome)
Found in women with posttraumatic or postsurgical histories (including uterine curettage)
Most endometrial malignancies are what?
Adenocarcinomas
Adenocarcinomas most often occur in patients in what stage?
Postmenopausal
Before menstruation, the accumulation of secretions is called what?
Hydrometrocolpos
Following menstruation, what results from the presence of retained menstrual blood?
Hematometrocolpos
Intrauterine contraceptive devices are what?
Devices placed in the uterine cavity during menses for the purpose of birth control, etc.