1.4 Managing People

Define flexible working

Development of a culture where workers are equipped to do different roles

Define multi-skilling

Training workers to fulfil multiple job roles

Define part-time working

Someone who works two or three days a week

Define temporary working

Someone who works when the business needs them

Define outsourcing

Finding other companies to carry out work

Define flexible hours

Allowing employees to schedule work hours around they individual needs and commitments

Define dismissal

Termination of employment by an employer against the employees will

Define redundancy

When a job is no longer available as a business reduced its workforce size

Define recruitment

the process of attracting and identifying potential job candidates for a specific role

Define a job specification

Outlines qualifications, skills, experience and qualities from a candidate for a job

Define job description

Outlines duties, responsibilities and requirements for a job

Define internal recruitment

Process of hiring employees from within an organisation

Define external recruitment

Hiring employees from outside the organisation

Define induction training

Training new employees receive at a new company

Define on-job-training

Training taking place while employees are working

Define off-the-job training

Training taking place outside the workplace

Define a hierarchy organisational structure

Ranking from top to bottom

Define a chain of command

Formal line of authority that flows from top management to lower employees

Define span of control

Number of employees a manager or supervisor can effectively manage

Define a centralised structure

Decision making is concentrated at top of the organisation

Define decentralised structure

Decision making is distributed throughout the organisation

Define tall organisational structures

Multiple levels of management and more centralised decision making

Define a flat organisational structure

Fewer levels of management and more decentralised decision making

Define matrix organisational structures

Built around specific products or projects

Define motivation

Inner desire or willingness that properly a person to achieve a specific goal or outcome

Define intrinsic motivation

Coming from within a person

Define extrinsic promotion

Coming from external factors

Define Taylor’s Scientific Management

Breaking down complex tasks into simpler ones

Define Mayo’s Human Relations Theory

Focus on importance of social factors in the workplace

Define Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Five tiers of human needs needed for individuals to reach full potential

Define Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

Hygiene and motivator factors are needed for employee motivation and job satisfaction

Define financial incentives

Reward or payment given to an employee in return for their labour or improved performance

Define piecework

Employees paid according to number of units produced

Define commission

Percentage of sales revenue paid to workers

Define leadership

Having a vision to provide direction

Define management

Day-to-day organisation of businesses, resources and staffing

Define autocratic leadership

Leaders have complete control

Define laissez-faire leadership

Leaders take a hands-off approach allowing teams to manage

Define democratic leadership

Leader involves team in decision making

Define paternalistic leadership

Leader takes parental role in making decisions of best interest for staff