IB Bio Unit 1 Quiz

Theme #1

Hierarchy - Life is organized on many levels

Levels for Theme #1 (smallest to largest)

molecules

organelles

cell - smallest unit of life

tissue

organ

organ system

organism

population

community - multiple populations interacting with each other

ecosystem - biotic community interacting with a biota

biosphere

Theme #2

Each level has emergent properties (novel properties that emerge from increasing complexity - “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

Emergent Properties of Life

energy processing (cellular respiration, photosynthesis, etc.)

reproduction

response to environment and other organisms

evolutionary adaptation

growth and development

organization into a contained unit (cell)

homeostasis/regulation (feedback mechanism)

Negative Feedback (Homeostasis/Regulation)

Keeps a system at a set point (ex. you sweat when you’re hot, shiver when you’re cold)

Positive Feedback (Homeostasis/Regulation)

A system chances to a new state of being (ex. childbirth (contractions cause more contractions))

Theme #3

Cells are the basic unit of organismal structure and function (Robert Hooke - 1665 name the cell, Schleiden and Schwann - developed the first light microscope which led to the development of the cell theory)

Cell Theory

Cells are the smallest unit of life

All living things are made of cells

All cells come from cells

2 Basic Kinds of Cells

Prokaryotic - before the nucleus (has no nucleus, still has DNA, simple with a few organelles)

Eukaryotic - has a nucleus (Good nucleus, DNA inside, lots of organelles, compartmentalization)

*** Remember, all cells have DNA, membrane, and ribosomes.

Theme #4

Continuity of life is dependable on heritable information (DNA is the universal code for life)

Theme #5

Structure and functional related (“Form fits function”)

Theme #6

Organisms are open systems (Things can pass between systems and surroundings (ecology))

Theme #7

Life is diverse in united through DNA

Taxonomy

Naming and classifying

Taxonomic Scheme (Least to Most Similar)

Dumb - Domain

Kids - Kingdom

Play - Phylum

Catch - Class

On - Order

Freeways - Family

Get - Genus (Homo)

Squished - Species (Sapiens)

Domains

Bacteria - Prokaryotes

Eukarya - All eukaryotes (Kingdoms: Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista* (junk drawer))

Archaea - Prokaryotes (More closely related to eukaryotes)

Theme #8

Evolution of the core theme, All life is connected.

LUCA

Last universal common ancestor (Prokaryote)

Charles Darwin

Descent with modification

Natural selection is the mechanism for evolution

Theme #9

Science is a process

The Scientific Method

1.) Hypothesis - an educated guess; tentative answer

Requirements

1. Make a prediction (“if… then”)

2. Has to be possible

3. Has to be based on a prior observation

4. have to have more than one (null hypothesis)

5. Has to be testable and repeatable

6. Has to be falsifiable (can’t prove anything)

2.) Run an experiment that is controlled

• Groups:

  • Experimental

  • Controlled

• Variables:

  • Independent variable - Changes in experimental, but not control group

  • Dependent variable

  • Controlled (Common between groups)

3.) Gather data

4.) Analyze data (math)

5.) Conclusions

6.) Published data

*** Theory - an explanation based on TONS of evidence

Theme #10

Science and technology are functions of society (Scientist want to understand things, Engineers apply this understanding)