Ontario Grade 11 Math Preparation Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the five main strands and ten specific chapters of the Ontario math curriculum for Grades 7 to 12 preparation.

Algebra

The study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols, including solving equations, simplifying expressions, and factoring.

Geometry

The branch of mathematics dealing with the properties and relationships of shapes, sizes, and figures.

Measurement

The mathematical strand focused on calculating length, area, volume, and angles.

Data Management

The mathematical process involving collecting, organizing, and interpreting data.

Probability

The study of chance and likelihood of events, calculated as the ratio of favorable outcomes to the total outcomes.

Number Sense

Understanding different types of numbers and operations, including fractions, decimals, and percentages.

Functions

Mathematical relationships that relate each input ($x$) to exactly one output ($y$), often written as $y = f(x)$.

Graphs

Visual representations of functions and data used to identify trends and relationships.

Fractions, Decimals, and Percents

Three different ways to represent parts of a whole, such as $\frac{1}{2} = 0.5 = 50\%$.

Ratio

A comparison of two quantities, such as $2:3$ or $\frac{2}{3}$.

Proportion

An equation stating that two ratios are equal, for example $\frac{2}{3} = \frac{6}{9}$.

Rate

A specific ratio comparing quantities with different units, such as $60\,km$ in $2\,h = 30\,km/h$.

Algebraic Expression

A combination of numbers, variables, and operations, such as $2x + 3$.

Linear Equations

Equations of the first degree that contain no exponents higher than $1$.

Slope ($m$)

The measure of the steepness of a line, defined as the (change in $y$) divided by the (change in $x$).

y-intercept ($b$)

The coordinate where a line crosses the $y$-axis on a graph.

Domain

The set of all possible input values for a function.

Range (Functional)

The set of all possible output values for a function.

Polynomial

A mathematical expression consisting of many terms, such as $x^2 + 2x + 1$.

Exponents

Notation showing repeated multiplication, such as $2^3 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 = 8$.

Radicals

Mathematical expressions involving roots, such as $\sqrt{16} = 4$.

Scientific Notation

Writing a number as the product of a decimal and a power of $10$, in the form $a \times 10^n$.

Quadratic Equations

Equations of the form $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$, which can be solved by factoring, the quadratic formula, or completing the square.

Trigonometry

The branch of mathematics dealing with triangles, especially right triangles, including ratios like $SOH\text{-}CAH\text{-}TOA$.

Mean

The calculated average of a set of data.

Median

The middle value in a set of data.

Mode

The most frequently occurring value in a data set.