The Composition of Art

wood panels

It is used in artwork as a preparation for any number of substrates such as ________, canvas and sculpture as a base for paint and other materials that are applied over it.

14th century

It was used from the ________ in Italy, but only rarely.

Gesso

________: a traditional mix of an animal glue binder (usually rabbit- skin glue- mainly collagen), chalk, gypsum, and white pigment.

Canvas

________ has become the most common support medium for oil painting, replacing wooden panels.

term duck

The ________ comes from the Dutch word for cloth, doek.

Modern canvas

________ is usually made of cotton or linen, along with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), although historically it was made from hemp.

Canvas

________: very durable plain- woven fabric used by artists as a painting surface, typically stretched across a wooden frame.

Canvas

________ comes in two basic types: plain and duck.

Canvas

very durable plain-woven fabric used by artists as a painting surface, typically stretched across a wooden frame

Canvas comes in two basic types

plain and duck

In the United States, canvas is classified in two ways

by weight (ounces per square yard) and by a graded number system

Oil paint

a type of slow-drying paint that consists of particles of pigment suspended in a drying oil, commonly linseed oil (flaxseed oil)

One of the earliest surviving oils on canvas is

a painting by Jean Malouel, Virgin and Child with Angels (French Madonna with Angels) from around 1410 in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin.

The viscosity of the paint may be modified by

the addition of a solvent such as turpentine or white spirit (mineral spirit), and varnish may be added to increase the glossiness of the dried oil paint film.

Oil paints have been used in Europe since the 12th century for simple decoration,

but did not begin to be adopted as an artistic medium until the early 15th century.

Gesso is used in artwork as

a preparation for any number of substrates such as wood panels, canvas and sculpture as a base for paint and other materials that are applied over it.