Chapter 2 Practice Test (ALL MODULES)

Which part of the neuron receives messages from other cells?

Dendrite

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the myelin sheath?

Reuptake

When a neuron's action potential occurs, _____________ ions are rushing into the axon through openings on the membrane.

Sodium

When the action potential reaches the end of the axon terminals, it causes the release of _____________.

Neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit the next cell

Receiving neurons have special _________________ that fit the shape of certain molecules.

Receptor sites

Which of the following is associated with sleep, mood, and appetite?

Serotonin

If you burn your finger, your immediate reaction will probably involve all BUT which of the following?

Brain (involves afferent neurons, efferent neurons, and the spinal cord)

If your typing on the computer keyboard, the sensation of your fingers touching the keys is most likely communicated by

Sensory pathway neurons

The neurons of the motor pathway control _______________.

Voluntary muscles

What type of cell can become other types of cells in the body?

Stem cells

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic division?

Increasing digestive activity to supply fuel for the body

Which of the following would be active if you are sleeping?

Parasympathetic division

Andrew never really grew to be very tall. The doctor told his parents that Andrew's _______________ gland did nor secrete enough growth hormone, causing his small stature.

Pituitary

If the pancreas secretes too little insulin, it causes _____________.

Diabetes

Which of the following techniques uses a radioactive sugar to look at the functioning of the brain?

PET

Which brain structure is most responsible for our balance, posture, and muscle tone?

Cerebellum

Which brain structure would most likely result in death if damaged?

Medulla

If you were to develop a rare condition in which signals from your eyes were sent to the area of the brain that processes sound and signals from the ears were sent to the area of the brain that processes vision, which part of the brain would most likely be damaged?

Thalamus

If you have problems storing away new memories, the damage is most likely in the ______________ area of the brain.

Hippocampus

Which of the following lobes of the cortex would you find the primary auditory area?

Temporal

The higher mental functions, such as thinking and problem solving, are found in the _______________ lobe.

Frontal

A man wakes up one morning and finds people around him are saying words that make no sense to him. His wife tries to tell him that their son forgot his dinosaur lunchbox today, and the man looks puzzled. This man's predicament is most like which of the following disorders?

Wernicke's aphasia

When Dr. Ramachandran's spatial neglect patient was asked to reach for the pen, she ________________.

Tried to reach through the mirror

If you are a split-brain patient, which of the following would be TRUE?

Objects in your right visual field would be easily named

In the structure of the neuron, the ____________ sends information to other cells.

Axon

Which type of cell makes up 10% of the brain?

Neurons

Damaged nerve fibers in the body can sometimes repair themselves because they are coated with _____________, which forms a protective tunnel around the nerve fibers.

Neurilemma

When a neuron is in the resting potential state, where are there more sodium ions?

Outside the cell

How does one neuron communicate with another neuron?

Chemicals in the end of one neuron float across the gap to fit into the holes on the next neuron

Which neurotransmitter is associated with the control of the pain response?

Endorphin

Which of the following is the correct pathway of the reflex arc?

Afferent neuron to interneuron to efferent neuron

Voluntary muscles are controlled by the ___________ nervous system.

Somatic

Your heart races. You begin to breathe faster. Your pupils enlarge and your appetite is going. Your ___________ division has just been activated.

Sympathetic

The ___________ division controls ordinary, day-to-day bodily functions.

Parasympathetic

Heather is beautifully proportioned, but at 18 years of age she is still no taller than the average 10-year-old. Heather most likely had a problem in her ______________ gland(s) while she was growing up.

Pituitary

The action of hormones in the bloodstream is most similar to which of the following?

The action of neurotransmitters in the synapse

Melatonin is secreted by the ____________ gland(s).

Pineal

Which of the following techniques for imaging the brain would be would not be advised for a person with a mental plate in his or her head?

MRI

Which technique of studying the brain involves recording the electrical activity of large groups of cortical neurons?

EEG

Maria suffered a stroke that damaged a part of her brain. She fell into a sleep-like coma and could not be awakened. If we know that the area of damage is somewhere in the brain stem, which structure would most likely be damaged?

Reticular formation

Alexis is learning several new routines in her gymnastics class. After enough practice, her ______________ will play an important role in helping her to perform the routines correctly and smoothly.

Cerebellum

Which sensory information does NOT have to be first sent to the thalamus before going to the cortex?

Olfactory (smell)

Which part of the brain is the link between the brain and the glandular system?

Hypothalamus

George had a small stroke that resulted in a partial paralysis of his left side. The damaged area is most likely in his ___________ lobe.

Right frontal

Jeff is undergoing brain surgery to remove a tumor. The surgeon applies electrical stimulation to various areas around the tumor, causing Jeff to report tingling sensations in various areas of his skin. The tumor is most likely in which lobe of Jeff's brain?

Parietal

Linda is recovering from damage to her brain. Her main symptom is a speech problem; instead of saying "I am going to PT (physical therapy) at 9 o'clock" she says, "I go PT non o'cot." Linda's problem is ______________.

Broca's aphasia

In the split-brain operation, the ___________ is severed, which is the primary communication pathway between the two hemispheres.

Corpus callosum

Recognizing the face of someone you run into at the mall is a function of the ________________ hemisphere; being able to retrieve that person's name from memory is a function of the ________________ hemisphere.

Right; left